First documented cases of equine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis in France.

IF 2.8 2区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Parasite Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-28 DOI:10.1051/parasite/2026054

Charline Alleaume, Eve Laloy, Marie-Capucine Dupuis-Tricaud, Nada Kuk, Emilie Kariya, Nicolas Keck, Jérome Depaquit, Laurence Lachaud, Christophe Ravel

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Abstract

In this study, we describe the first documented cases of equine cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Mundinia) martiniquensis in France and provide clinical and parasitological data relevant for the recognition of this emerging infection in horses. Three horses presenting localized cutaneous lesions were diagnosed with L. martiniquensis infection in different regions of France without spatial or temporal clustering. Lesions were clinically nonspecific and initially compatible with common equine dermatological conditions, including sarcoid-like tumors. Histopathological examination revealed granulomatous dermatitis with intrahistiocytic organisms morphologically consistent with Leishmania amastigotes in all cases. Molecular analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue confirmed the presence of Leishmania DNA, and sequencing of the ITS1 locus identified L. martiniquensis. Direct agglutination test serology was negative in two horses and strongly positive in one. In one case, parasite isolation was achieved in culture. The disease remained localized in all animals, with spontaneous regression in one case, resolution following surgical excision in another, and complete healing after intralesional treatment with meglumine antimoniate in the third.

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法国马提尼克利什曼原虫引起的马利什曼病首次记录病例。

在这项研究中，我们描述了法国首次记录的由马提尼克利什曼原虫引起的马皮肤利什曼病病例，并为识别这种新出现的马感染提供了相关的临床和寄生虫学数据。在法国不同地区，有3匹马被诊断为马提尼克氏乳杆菌感染，但没有时空聚类。病变在临床上是非特异性的，最初与常见的马皮肤病（包括结节样肿瘤）相一致。组织病理学检查显示肉芽肿性皮炎，组织内细胞组织形态与利什曼原虫形态一致。福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织的分子分析证实了利什曼原虫DNA的存在，ITS1位点测序鉴定为L. martiniquensis。2匹马直接凝集试验血清学阴性，1匹马强阳性。在一个案例中，在培养中实现了寄生虫分离。该疾病在所有动物中仍局限于局部，一例自发消退，另一例手术切除后消退，第三例经局灶内治疗后完全愈合。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Parasite 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Parasite is an international open-access, peer-reviewed, online journal publishing high quality papers on all aspects of human and animal parasitology. Reviews, articles and short notes may be submitted. Fields include, but are not limited to: general, medical and veterinary parasitology; morphology, including ultrastructure; parasite systematics, including entomology, acarology, helminthology and protistology, and molecular analyses; molecular biology and biochemistry; immunology of parasitic diseases; host-parasite relationships; ecology and life history of parasites; epidemiology; therapeutics; new diagnostic tools. All papers in Parasite are published in English. Manuscripts should have a broad interest and must not have been published or submitted elsewhere. No limit is imposed on the length of manuscripts, but they should be concisely written. Papers of limited interest such as case reports, epidemiological studies in punctual areas, isolated new geographical records, and systematic descriptions of single species will generally not be accepted, but might be considered if the authors succeed in demonstrating their interest.