Evidence of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Exposure in Feral Pig Populations in North Queensland, Australia

IF 2.6 2区农林科学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI:10.1155/tbed/7087198

Andrew M. Adamu, Cadhla Firth, Bruce Gummow, Andrew J. Hoskins, Roslyn I. Hickson, Antonio Di Rubbo, Kalpana Agnihotri, David T. Williams, Paul F. Horwood

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Abstract

Several animal species, including horses and pigs, can be infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are considered an effective amplifying host for JEV in natural habitats. In this study, 265 dried blood spots were collected from feral pigs in four selected North Queensland local government areas, and antibodies against JEV were detected using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). The results showed that 26.4% (70/265) of the feral pigs had antibodies specific to JEV. We found a significant difference in the seroprevalence of JEV in the Wet Tropics (p < 0.05), compared to the Dry Tropics region of North Queensland. The results indicate that feral pigs in North Queensland have been exposed to JEV, suggesting that they may play an important role as an amplifying host. These findings may inform the planning of mitigation measures through a multisectoral One Health approach.

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澳大利亚北昆士兰野猪群体暴露于日本脑炎病毒的证据。

包括马和猪在内的几种动物可感染日本脑炎病毒（JEV）。在自然生境中，野猪被认为是乙脑病毒的有效扩增宿主。本研究选取北昆士兰4个地方政府辖区的265只野猪采集干血斑，采用竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验（cELISA）检测乙脑病毒抗体。结果表明，26.4%（70/265）的野猪有乙脑病毒特异性抗体。我们发现，与北昆士兰干热带地区相比，湿热带地区乙脑病毒的血清阳性率有显著差异（p < 0.05）。结果表明，北昆士兰地区的野猪已暴露于乙脑病毒，它们可能作为扩增宿主发挥重要作用。这些发现可为通过多部门“同一个健康”方法规划缓解措施提供信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 农林科学-传染病学

CiteScore

8.90

自引率

9.30%

发文量

350

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Transboundary and Emerging Diseases brings together in one place the latest research on infectious diseases considered to hold the greatest economic threat to animals and humans worldwide. The journal provides a venue for global research on their diagnosis, prevention and management, and for papers on public health, pathogenesis, epidemiology, statistical modeling, diagnostics, biosecurity issues, genomics, vaccine development and rapid communication of new outbreaks. Papers should include timely research approaches using state-of-the-art technologies. The editors encourage papers adopting a science-based approach on socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the management of the bio-security threat posed by these diseases, including risk analysis and disease spread modeling. Preference will be given to communications focusing on novel science-based approaches to controlling transboundary and emerging diseases. The following topics are generally considered out-of-scope, but decisions are made on a case-by-case basis (for example, studies on cryptic wildlife populations, and those on potential species extinctions): Pathogen discovery: a common pathogen newly recognised in a specific country, or a new pathogen or genetic sequence for which there is little context about — or insights regarding — its emergence or spread. Prevalence estimation surveys and risk factor studies based on survey (rather than longitudinal) methodology, except when such studies are unique. Surveys of knowledge, attitudes and practices are within scope. Diagnostic test development if not accompanied by robust sensitivity and specificity estimation from field studies. Studies focused only on laboratory methods in which relevance to disease emergence and spread is not obvious or can not be inferred (“pure research” type studies). Narrative literature reviews which do not generate new knowledge. Systematic and scoping reviews, and meta-analyses are within scope.