(Dis-)Empowering Motivational Climate and Social Physique Anxiety in Physical Education: Is There a Gender Difference?

IF 3.2 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2026-09-19 DOI:10.3390/bs16091686

Antonio Granero-Gallegos, Luis M Salmerón-Hinojosa, María Carrasco-Poyatos, Ginés D López-García

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Abstract

Background: Building on Duda's hierarchical approach, this study examined gender differences in students' perceptions of (dis-)empowering motivational climates, self-esteem and social physique anxiety in the physical education context. Furthermore, it analysed the associations of (dis-)empowering climates with these self-presentation-related outcomes among boys and girls.

Methods: A total of 2438 Spanish Physical Education students (Mage = 16.15 ± 2.01; 50.74% girls) participated in this cross-sectional research. A multi-group structural equation modeling approach was used to answer the research objectives.

Results: Girls scored significantly higher than boys in negative self-esteem and social physique anxiety. The multi-group structural equation modeling showed slightly higher coefficients among boys for the associations between empowering climate and positive self-esteem and between disempowering climate and negative self-esteem. The negative self-esteem-SPA coefficient was higher among boys, whereas the inverse positive self-esteem-SPA coefficient was higher among girls.

Conclusions: The main findings underscore the relevance of PE teachers creating empowering climates and avoiding disempowering climates, given their associations with positive self-esteem and social physique anxiety among boys and girls.

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（非）授权激励气氛与体育教学中的社会性体质焦虑：是否存在性别差异？

背景：在Duda的分层方法的基础上，本研究考察了学生在体育教育背景下对（非）授权动机气候、自尊和社会体质焦虑的看法的性别差异。此外，它还分析了（非）赋权气候与男孩和女孩之间这些自我表现相关结果的关系。方法：对2438名西班牙体育专业学生进行横断面调查，其中男学生= 16.15±2.01，女生占50.74%。采用多组结构方程建模方法来回答研究目标。结果：女生负自尊和社交体质焦虑得分显著高于男生。多群体结构方程模型显示，男生在赋权氛围和积极自尊之间的关联系数略高，在赋权氛围和消极自尊之间的关联系数略高。男生的负向自尊- spa系数较高，女生的负向自尊- spa系数较高。结论：主要研究结果强调了体育教师创造赋权氛围和避免赋权氛围的相关性，因为它们与男孩和女孩的积极自尊和社交体质焦虑有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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