Preparedness of CT technicians and radiographers for severe contrast media reactions: knowledge gaps and training needs.

Abstract

Background: Severe contrast media reactions during computed tomography (CT) are rare but potentially life-threatening and require rapid recognition and coordinated emergency response. CT technicians and radiographers are often frontline professionals during contrast-enhanced CT, yet their preparedness in Jordan remains underexplored.

Objective: To assess knowledge of severe contrast media reactions among CT technicians and radiographers in Jordan and identify factors associated with total knowledge scores.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire adapted from a previously published tool. The questionnaire assessed five domains: general knowledge of contrast media, risk factors, precautions, recognition of severe reactions, and management. Scores were converted to percentages. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman correlation, and multivariable linear regression.

Results: The analysis included 314 participants. The median total knowledge score was 76.3% (IQR: 55.3-84.2). General knowledge showed the highest median score (100%, IQR: 80-100), whereas risk factor knowledge was the lowest-performing domain (65%, IQR: 50-80). Radiographers achieved higher total knowledge scores than technicians (78.9% vs. 71.0%, p = 0.002). Total knowledge also differed significantly across educational levels (p = 0.043). In multivariable regression, total knowledge was independently associated with gender, age group, master's-level education, professional role, experience >25 years, and self-reported confidence.

Conclusion: CT technicians and radiographers in Jordan demonstrated moderate-to-high overall knowledge of severe contrast media reactions, but important gaps were evident, particularly in risk factor recognition. Structured, recurrent, competency-based training programs focusing on risk assessment, reaction recognition, emergency management, and simulation-based practice are needed to strengthen preparedness and patient safety during contrast-enhanced CT.