Cross-country analysis of aggregate markups and their impact on income inequality.

Q2 Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

F1000Research Pub Date : 2026-08-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.12688/f1000research.160674.4

Peter Malliaros, W Alejandro Pacheco-Jaramillo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: This study investigates the connection between aggregate markups and income inequality, exploring how market power affects inequality in developed, emerging, and developing economies.

Method: The study examines data from 12 countries from 1997 to 2016 using a panel data approach. A two-way fixed-effects specification is estimated after panel diagnostics for cross-sectional dependence, model selection, unit roots and cointegration. The analysis focuses on the Gini index, lagged markups, trade openness, GDP per capita, tax revenue and R&D expenditure.

Results: Higher lagged markups are associated with greater income inequality, with the relationship particularly relevant for emerging and developing economies. Diagnostic checks support the use of fixed effects over random effects, while unit-root and cointegration tests indicate that the levels model should be interpreted as a long-run relationship rather than as a purely short-run association.

Conclusion: The study shows how market power, fiscal redistribution and trade openness interact across diverse economic systems. The findings support competition policy and progressive taxation as complementary tools, while acknowledging that further dynamic panel and error-correction modelling would strengthen causal interpretation.

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汇总加价的跨国分析及其对收入不平等的影响。

背景：本研究调查了总加价与收入不平等之间的关系，探讨了市场力量如何影响发达经济体、新兴经济体和发展中经济体的不平等。方法：本研究采用面板数据法对1997年至2016年12个国家的数据进行了分析。双向固定效应规格估计后面板诊断横截面依赖性，模型选择，单位根和协整。分析的重点是基尼系数、滞后加价、贸易开放度、人均GDP、税收和研发支出。结果：较高的滞后溢价与较大的收入不平等有关，这种关系对新兴和发展中经济体尤为重要。诊断检查支持使用固定效应而不是随机效应，而单位根和协整检验表明，水平模型应被解释为长期关系，而不是纯粹的短期关联。结论：本研究揭示了市场力量、财政再分配和贸易开放如何在不同经济体系中相互作用。研究结果支持竞争政策和累进税作为补充工具，同时承认进一步的动态面板和纠错模型将加强因果解释。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

F1000Research Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

1646

审稿时长

1 weeks

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