The effects of dietary oils and fats on FADS1/FADS2 expression and Δ5- and Δ6- desaturase activity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 0.3 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.042

Thaiane da Silva Rios, Talitha Silva Meneguelli, Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães, Dennys Esper Cintra

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the effects of different dietary oils/fats on delta-5 (Δ5) and delta6 (Δ6) desaturases and their corresponding genes (Fads1 and Fads2) in animal models.

Methods

This systematic review was written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The following databases were used: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and BVS. The results were imported into the Rayyan Software®. The methodological quality and potential sources of bias were examined using the SYRCLE Risk of Bias tool. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO (CRD42024606224).

Results

A total of 4874 records were identified, of which 1344 were removed as duplicates. After title and abstract screening and full-text eligibility assessment, 35 studies were included in the review. Of the 35 studies included in the systematic review, 29% were incorporated into the meta-analyses. The fish oil did not show a statistically significant difference in Δ5-desaturase levels compared with the control group (MD: −24.89; CI: −132.99 to 83.22). One study showed that sunflower oil led to a slight reduction in Δ5-desaturase activity (MD: −0.07; 95% CI: −0.12 to −0.02), while the other study did not observe any significant change (MD: 0.61; 95% CI: −2.55 to 3.77). Although these studies presented low heterogeneity (I² = 0%, τ² = 0, P = 0.6735), it was not possible to identify a statistically significant. Regarding Δ6- desaturase, subgroup analyses could not be performed. For the Fads1, when fish oil was administered, no significant effect was observed (MD: −0.19; 95% CI: −4.25 to 3.86), also when evaluating diets high in saturated fat either (MD: 0.28; 95% CI: −1.66 to 2.22). For Fads2, the results indicated that consumption of fish oil (MD: −0.70; 95% CI: −2.56 to 1.15) or a diet high in saturated fat (MD: 0.35; 95% CI: −0.41 to 1.11) does not produce a consistent effect. The subgroup analysis did not reveal any statistically significant differences between the types of oils or fats used (test for subgroup differences).

Conclusion

Variability in study design and methodology limits definitive conclusions about the effects of specific lipid sources on Δ5- and Δ6-desaturase activity and Fads1/Fads2 expression.

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膳食油脂对FADS1/FADS2表达和Δ5-和Δ6-去饱和酶活性的影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

目的探讨不同油脂对动物模型δ -5 （Δ5）和δ - 6 （Δ6）去饱和酶及其相关基因（Fads1和Fads2）的影响。在动物模型上评价不同膳食油脂对δ -5 （Δ5）和δ - 6 （Δ6）去饱和酶及其相应基因（Fads1和Fads2）的影响。方法本系统评价按照系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南撰写。使用了以下数据库：PubMed， Embase， Web of Science和BVS。结果导入Rayyan Software®。使用sycle偏倚风险工具检查方法学质量和潜在偏倚来源。该协议已在PROSPERO （CRD42024606224）中注册。本系统评价是根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南撰写的。使用了以下数据库：PubMed， Embase， Web of Science和BVS。结果导入Rayyan Software®。使用sycle偏倚风险工具检查方法学质量和潜在偏倚来源。该协议已在PROSPERO （CRD42024606224）中注册。结果共发现4874条记录，其中1344条因重复被删除。经过标题和摘要筛选和全文合格性评估，35项研究被纳入综述。在纳入系统评价的35项研究中，29%被纳入元分析。与对照组相比，鱼油组的Δ5-desaturase水平没有统计学上的显著差异（MD:−24.89;CI:−132.99至83.22）。一项研究表明，葵花籽油导致Δ5-desaturase活性轻微降低（MD: - 0.07; 95% CI: - 0.12至- 0.02），而另一项研究没有观察到任何显著变化（MD: 0.61; 95% CI: - 2.55至3.77）。虽然这些研究呈现出低异质性（I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0, P = 0.6735），但不可能确定具有统计学意义。对于Δ6-去饱和酶，无法进行亚组分析。对于Fads1，当给予鱼油时，没有观察到显著的影响（MD: - 0.19; 95% CI: - 4.25至3.86），当评估高饱和脂肪饮食时也是如此（MD: 0.28; 95% CI: - 1.66至2.22）。对于Fads2，结果表明，食用鱼油（MD: - 0.70; 95% CI: - 2.56至1.15）或高饱和脂肪饮食（MD: 0.35; 95% CI: - 0.41至1.11）并没有产生一致的效果。亚组分析并没有显示在使用的油或脂肪类型之间有任何统计学上的显著差异（亚组差异测试）。总共确定了4874条记录，其中1344条作为重复项被删除。经过标题和摘要筛选和全文合格性评估，35项研究被纳入综述。在纳入系统评价的35项研究中，29%被纳入元分析。与对照组相比，鱼油组的Δ5-desaturase水平没有统计学上的显著差异（MD:−24.89;CI:−132.99至83.22）。一项研究表明，葵花籽油导致Δ5-desaturase活性轻微降低（MD: - 0.07; 95% CI: - 0.12至- 0.02），而另一项研究没有观察到任何显著变化（MD: 0.61; 95% CI: - 2.55至3.77）。虽然这些研究呈现出低异质性（I2 = 0%, τ2 = 0, P = 0.6735），但不可能确定具有统计学意义。对于Δ6-去饱和酶，无法进行亚组分析。对于Fads1，当给予鱼油时，没有观察到显著的影响（MD: - 0.19; 95% CI: - 4.25至3.86），当评估高饱和脂肪饮食时也是如此（MD: 0.28; 95% CI: - 1.66至2.22）。对于Fads2，结果表明，食用鱼油（MD: - 0.70; 95% CI: - 2.56至1.15）或高饱和脂肪饮食（MD: 0.35; 95% CI: - 0.41至1.11）并没有产生一致的效果。亚组分析并没有显示在使用的油或脂肪类型之间有任何统计学上的显著差异（亚组差异测试）。研究设计和方法的可变性限制了关于特定脂质来源对Δ5-和Δ6-desaturase活性以及Fads1/Fads2表达的影响的明确结论。研究设计和方法的可变性限制了关于特定脂质来源对Δ5-和Δ6-desaturase活性以及Fads1/Fads2表达的影响的明确结论。

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来源期刊

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

0.60

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： Les Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique sont le lieu de communication reconnu pour les médecins spécialistes de la nutrition, les diététiciens, les professionnels et les chercheurs de agro-alimentaire, les enseignants et les étudiants. Les Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique abordent les sujets se rapportant à la biologie générale, à la médecine et à la nutrition, aux aliments, aux comportements alimentaires, à la diététique pratique, ainsi que des thèmes variés : activité physique, apports nutritionnels conseillés, dénutrition, alcool, obésité de enfant, aliments à effet santé, plaisir alimentaire, restauration collective, goûters et collations, allergies alimentaires...