Association of LEP rs7799039 risk genotypes with altered fasting glucose and added sugar intake in individuals with overweight or obesity: A cross-sectional analysis of the GenON

IF 0.3 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.098

Vanessa de Oliveira Farias, Karla Pereira Balbino, Flávia Galvão Cândido, Mariana Moura e Dias, Ana Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn, Josefina Bressan, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff

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The LEP rs7799039 variant was considered for genetic testing and for determining the presence of the risk allele. Biological material was collected using the oral mucosa swab technique and analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood plasma samples were collected for fasting glucose assessment. Dietary intake was evaluated using three 24- hour dietary recalls entered into the ERICA-R24h software. Willett's residual method for energy adjustment and calculation of total energy intake percentage were applied to nutrient intake data. Fasting glucose was categorized as normal (<100mg/dL) or altered (≥100mg/dL) and added sugar intake was classified as adequate (<10% of total energy intake) or inadequate (≥10%). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.20, adopting a significance level of 5%. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations, and the multiple model was adjusted for sex.</div></div><div>This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from 113 participants of both sexes (20–55 years old) included in the GenON Program, a randomized clinical trial approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Viçosa (No. 7,283,411) and registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC: RBR-8csbc2g) in 2024. The LEP rs7799039 variant was considered for genetic testing and for determining the presence of the risk allele. Biological material was collected using the oral mucosa swab technique and analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood plasma samples were collected for fasting glucose assessment. Dietary intake was evaluated using three 24- hour dietary recalls entered into the ERICA-R24h software. Willett's residual method for energy adjustment and calculation of total energy intake percentage were applied to nutrient intake data. Fasting glucose was categorized as normal (<100mg/dL) or altered (≥100mg/dL) and added sugar intake was classified as adequate (<10% of total energy intake) or inadequate (≥10%). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.20, adopting a significance level of 5%. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations, and the multiple model was adjusted for sex.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the total sample (<em>n</em>  =113), 70.8% were women, with a mean age of 36.8 (±8.1) years. Overall, 57.5% carried at least one risk allele (A), including the AG and AA genotypes, which were associated with higher odds of altered fasting glucose (OR: 10.40; 95% CI: 1.28–84.99; <em>P</em>: 0.029) and inadequate added sugar intake (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.12–5.62; <em>P</em>: 0.025) compared with the wild-type genotype (GG), independently of sex. Conclusion The presence of risk alleles in the <em>LEP</em> gene is associated with higher odds of altered fasting blood glucose and elevated added sugar intake. These findings indicate the relevance of dietary assessment and genetic data in obesity management.</div>","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e52-e53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007996026001744","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/9/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the LEP gene, alterations in glucose metabolism and added sugar intake among individuals with overweight or obesity.

Methods

This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from 113 participants of both sexes (20–55 years old) included in the GenON Program, a randomized clinical trial approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Viçosa (No. 7,283,411) and registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC: RBR-8csbc2g) in 2024. The LEP rs7799039 variant was considered for genetic testing and for determining the presence of the risk allele. Biological material was collected using the oral mucosa swab technique and analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Blood plasma samples were collected for fasting glucose assessment. Dietary intake was evaluated using three 24- hour dietary recalls entered into the ERICA-R24 h software. Willett's residual method for energy adjustment and calculation of total energy intake percentage were applied to nutrient intake data. Fasting glucose was categorized as normal (< 100 mg/dL) or altered (≥ 100 mg/dL) and added sugar intake was classified as adequate (< 10% of total energy intake) or inadequate (≥ 10%). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v.20, adopting a significance level of 5%. Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations, and the multiple model was adjusted for sex.

Results

Among the total sample (n = 113), 70.8% were women, with a mean age of 36.8 (±8.1) years. Overall, 57.5% carried at least one risk allele (A), including the AG and AA genotypes, which were associated with higher odds of altered fasting glucose (OR: 10.40; 95% CI: 1.28–84.99; P: 0.029) and inadequate added sugar intake (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.12–5.62; P: 0.025) compared with the wild-type genotype (GG), independently of sex. Conclusion The presence of risk alleles in the LEP gene is associated with higher odds of altered fasting blood glucose and elevated added sugar intake. These findings indicate the relevance of dietary assessment and genetic data in obesity management.

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超重或肥胖个体中LEP rs7799039风险基因型与空腹血糖和添加糖摄入量改变的关联：GenON的横断面分析

目的探讨超重或肥胖人群中LEP基因单核苷酸多态性（snp）与糖代谢改变和添加糖摄入量之间的关系。研究超重或肥胖人群中LEP基因单核苷酸多态性（snp）、葡萄糖代谢改变和糖摄入量增加之间的关系。这项横断面分析使用了GenON项目中113名男女参与者（20-55岁）的基线数据，GenON项目是一项随机临床试验，于2024年在巴西临床试验登记处注册（ReBEC: RBR-8csbc2g），该项目由维萨罗萨联邦大学人类研究伦理委员会批准（No. 7,283,411）。LEP rs7799039变异被考虑用于基因检测和确定风险等位基因的存在。采用口腔黏膜拭子技术采集生物材料，采用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分析。采集血浆样本进行空腹血糖评估。膳食摄入量评估使用3个24小时的饮食召回输入ERICA-R24小时软件。营养物质摄入数据采用Willett能量调整残差法和总能量摄入百分比计算。空腹血糖分为正常（100 mg/dL）或改变（≥100 mg/dL），添加糖摄入量分为充足（占总能量摄入的10%）或不足（≥10%）。采用SPSS v.20进行统计学分析，显著性水平为5%。采用二元logistic回归模型评价相关性，并对多元模型进行性别调整。这项横断面分析使用了GenON项目中113名男女参与者（20-55岁）的基线数据，GenON项目是一项随机临床试验，于2024年在巴西临床试验登记处注册（ReBEC: RBR-8csbc2g），由维萨罗沙联邦大学人类研究伦理委员会批准（No. 7,283,411）。LEP rs7799039变异被考虑用于基因检测和确定风险等位基因的存在。采用口腔黏膜拭子技术采集生物材料，采用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行分析。采集血浆样本进行空腹血糖评估。膳食摄入量评估使用3个24小时的饮食召回输入ERICA-R24小时软件。营养物质摄入数据采用Willett能量调整残差法和总能量摄入百分比计算。空腹血糖分为正常（100 mg/dL）或改变（≥100 mg/dL），添加糖摄入量分为充足（占总能量摄入的10%）或不足（≥10%）。采用SPSS v.20进行统计学分析，显著性水平为5%。采用二元logistic回归模型评价相关性，并对多元模型进行性别调整。结果113例患者中，女性占70.8%，平均年龄36.8（±8.1）岁。总体而言，57.5%的人携带至少一个风险等位基因(A)，包括AG和AA基因型，与野生型基因型（GG）相比，它们与空腹血糖改变（OR: 10.40; 95% CI: 1.28-84.99; P: 0.029）和添加糖摄入不足（OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.12-5.62; P: 0.025）的几率更高，与性别无关。结论LEP基因中危险等位基因的存在与空腹血糖改变和添加糖摄入量升高的几率增加有关。这些发现表明饮食评估和遗传数据在肥胖管理中的相关性。总样本（n = 113）中，70.8%为女性，平均年龄36.8（±8.1）岁。总体而言，57.5%的人携带至少一个风险等位基因(A)，包括AG和AA基因型，与野生型基因型（GG）相比，它们与空腹血糖改变（OR: 10.40; 95% CI: 1.28-84.99; P: 0.029）和添加糖摄入不足（OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.12-5.62; P: 0.025）的几率更高，与性别无关。结论LEP基因中危险等位基因的存在与空腹血糖改变和添加糖摄入量升高的几率增加有关。这些发现表明饮食评估和遗传数据在肥胖管理中的相关性。

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CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

0.60

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

65 days

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