Fish oil from regional river waste mitigates hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia in Wistar rats fed high-fat diets

IF 0.3 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-24 DOI:10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.027

Jimena Lavandera, Sofía Neville, Daniela Lamas, Valentina Naretto, Claudio Bernal, Juliana Sain

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background/objective

The rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases has increased interest in the study of functional foods or ingredients. Therefore, using river fish industry by-products as a source of bioactive lipids represents a promising strategy for preventing metabolic disorders. By taking advantage of this regional resource, this study aimed to evaluate the biological functionality of fish oil (FO) extracted from local fish waste as a source of n-3 PUFAs, focusing on its ability to prevent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and correct lipid imbalances in a growing murine model fed high-fat diets.

Methods

Wistar rats (100 g) (Ethics Committee approval No. CES2024-88) were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 6/group) and fed with one of the following diets for 60 days: S7 (control AIN 93G: 7% soybean oil); S30 (30% soybean oil); C30 (27% corn oil + 3% soybean oil); and F30 (27% FO + 3% soybean oil). Body weight and energy intake were monitored. After sacrifice (decapitation), serum lipid profiles, glucose, and transaminases (GOT/GPT) were measured using commercial kits. Liver analysis included total triglycerides (TAG), cholesterol, fatty acid (FA) profile (gas chromatography), and mRNA expression of lipogenic and β-oxidation markers (RT-qPCR). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (P < 0.05).

Results

High-fat diets (S30, C30, F30) significantly increased thoracic circumference and energy intake compared to S7. While S30 and C30 groups developed hepatic steatosis with significantly higher liver TAG levels, F30 effectively mitigated this effect, maintaining liver TAG at control (S7) levels. F30 significantly reduced serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol compared to other groups. Furthermore, F30 treatment modulated liver metabolism by downregulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) mRNA expression and improving the FA n-6/n-3 ratio through significant incorporation of EPA (20:5 n-3) and DHA (22:6 n-3) into hepatic tissue. GOT levels were also reduced in the F30 group compared to S7.

Conclusion

Fish oil extracted from regional river waste is a functional ingredient that prevents hepatic lipid accumulation and dyslipidemia. These effects are mediated by the modulation of a key lipogenic enzyme and the successful incorporation of n-3 PUFAs into tissues, supporting its potential use in functional foods for human health.

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从地区河流废物中提取的鱼油可减轻喂食高脂肪饮食的Wistar大鼠的肝脏脂肪变性和血脂异常

背景/目的非传染性疾病的日益流行增加了对功能性食品或成分研究的兴趣。因此，利用河鱼工业副产品作为生物活性脂质的来源是预防代谢紊乱的一种有前途的策略。通过利用这一区域资源，本研究旨在评估从当地鱼类废物中提取的鱼油（FO）作为n-3 PUFAs来源的生物学功能，重点关注其预防代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）和纠正高脂肪饲料喂养的生长中的小鼠模型中的脂质失衡的能力。非传染性疾病的日益流行增加了对功能性食品或成分研究的兴趣。因此，利用河鱼工业副产品作为生物活性脂质的来源是预防代谢紊乱的一种有前途的策略。通过利用这一区域资源，本研究旨在评估从当地鱼类废物中提取的鱼油（FO）作为n-3 PUFAs来源的生物学功能，重点关注其预防代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）和纠正高脂肪饲料喂养的生长中的小鼠模型中的脂质失衡的能力。方法swstar大鼠（100 g）(伦理委员会批准号：选取CES2024-88)，随机分为4组（n = 6/组），分别饲喂以下饲粮中的一种，饲喂60 d: S7（对照AIN 93G: 7%豆油）；S30（30%大豆油）；C30（27%玉米油+ 3%大豆油）；F30 （27% FO + 3%大豆油）。监测体重和能量摄入。牺牲（斩首）后，使用商业试剂盒测量血脂、葡萄糖和转氨酶（GOT/GPT）。肝脏分析包括总甘油三酯（TAG）、胆固醇、脂肪酸（FA）谱（气相色谱）和脂肪生成和β-氧化标记物mRNA表达（RT-qPCR）。统计学分析采用方差分析和Tukey’s检验（P < 0.05）。Wistar大鼠（100 g）(伦理委员会批准号：选取CES2024-88)，随机分为4组（n = 6/组），分别饲喂以下饲粮中的一种，饲喂60 d: S7（对照AIN 93G: 7%豆油）；S30（30%大豆油）；C30（27%玉米油+ 3%大豆油）；F30 （27% FO + 3%大豆油）。监测体重和能量摄入。牺牲（斩首）后，使用商业试剂盒测量血脂、葡萄糖和转氨酶（GOT/GPT）。肝脏分析包括总甘油三酯（TAG）、胆固醇、脂肪酸（FA）谱（气相色谱）和脂肪生成和β-氧化标记物mRNA表达（RT-qPCR）。统计学分析采用方差分析和Tukey’s检验（P < 0.05）。结果高脂饮食（S30、C30、F30）与S7相比显著增加胸围和能量摄入。当S30和C30组出现肝脂肪变性时，肝脏TAG水平显著升高，F30有效减轻了这种影响，将肝脏TAG维持在对照（S7）水平。与其他组相比，F30显著降低血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。此外，F30处理通过显著将EPA （20:5 n-3）和DHA （22:6 n-3）掺入肝组织，下调乙酰辅酶a羧化酶（ACC） mRNA表达，提高FA n-6/n-3比值，从而调节肝脏代谢。与S7相比，F30组的GOT水平也有所降低。与S7相比，高脂肪饮食（S30、C30、F30）显著增加了胸围和能量摄入。当S30和C30组出现肝脂肪变性时，肝脏TAG水平显著升高，F30有效减轻了这种影响，将肝脏TAG维持在对照（S7）水平。与其他组相比，F30显著降低血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。此外，F30处理通过显著将EPA （20:5 n-3）和DHA （22:6 n-3）掺入肝组织，下调乙酰辅酶a羧化酶（ACC） mRNA表达，提高FA n-6/n-3比值，从而调节肝脏代谢。与S7相比，F30组的GOT水平也有所降低。结论从地区河流废弃物中提取鱼油是一种预防肝脏脂质积累和血脂异常的功能性成分。这些作用是通过调节一种关键的脂肪生成酶和将n-3 PUFAs成功结合到组织中来介导的，这支持了其在功能食品中对人类健康的潜在应用。从地区河流废物中提取的鱼油是一种防止肝脏脂质积累和血脂异常的功能性成分。这些作用是通过调节一种关键的脂肪生成酶和将n-3 PUFAs成功结合到组织中来介导的，这支持了其在功能食品中对人类健康的潜在应用。

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来源期刊

CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

0.60

自引率

33.30%

发文量

审稿时长

65 days

期刊介绍： Les Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique sont le lieu de communication reconnu pour les médecins spécialistes de la nutrition, les diététiciens, les professionnels et les chercheurs de agro-alimentaire, les enseignants et les étudiants. Les Cahiers de nutrition et de diététique abordent les sujets se rapportant à la biologie générale, à la médecine et à la nutrition, aux aliments, aux comportements alimentaires, à la diététique pratique, ainsi que des thèmes variés : activité physique, apports nutritionnels conseillés, dénutrition, alcool, obésité de enfant, aliments à effet santé, plaisir alimentaire, restauration collective, goûters et collations, allergies alimentaires...