Korean Standard Series allergens and emerging sources: a narrative review.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to address gaps in Korean Standard Series (KSS) information, highlight allergens with increasing patch test positivity, describe potential sources encountered in daily life, and provide guidance on selecting allergen-free alternatives.

Methods: Relevant information was identified from KSS patient instruction sheets (Chemotechnique, Sweden), T.R.U.E. TEST patient instruction sheets (SmartPractice, United States), the Contact Dermatitis Institute allergen database, the American Contact Dermatitis Society allergen information sheets, and searches of the PubMed database. English-language review articles, case series, and case reports identified using keywords related to the 25 KSS allergens were selected.

Results: Information was updated for the following allergens: nickel, cobalt, potassium dichromate, balsam of Peru, paraben mix, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, formaldehyde, p-tert-butylphenol formaldehyde resin, methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, colophonium, imidazolidinyl urea, and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Emerging sources included electronic devices, personal protective equipment, including masks whose use increased during the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, nail products, and children's toy slime. In addition, occupational allergen information sheets were developed for hairdressers, healthcare workers, dentists, dental hygienists, and cooks. The Korean-language allergen sheets are provided in the Supplementary Materials.

Conclusion: Because the KSS has not been revised for more than 2 decades, emerging allergen sources may be inadequately represented in the existing patient information. Accordingly, updated patient instruction sheets were developed to improve patient understanding and facilitate the practical application of patch test results.