The Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio as an Associated Biomarker of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-09-21 DOI:10.1002/jcla.70282

Yousef A. D. Alkhadem, Abdulmajeed A. A. Almaleki, Ali S. G. Alghamdi, Mohammed S. Al-Ghamdi, Mohammed H. Mukhtar, Ali B. Al-Zubaidy, Yahya Alsayaad

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and Objective

Chronic low-grade inflammation drives the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and microvascular complications, including diabetic kidney disease. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a routine hematological index reflecting systemic inflammatory activity. This study evaluated NLR's association with T2DM, glycemic control, and renal function in a Hodeidah City cohort, assessing renal function via the CKD-EPI creatinine equation.

Methods

Continuous variables were expressed as medians (interquartile ranges) and analyzed using nonparametric tests. Associations were evaluated via Spearman correlation and exploratory linear regression.

Results

Primary comparisons revealed that T2DM patients possessed a significantly higher NLR than healthy controls, confirming a systemic inflammatory phenotype. Within the T2DM group, NLR did not differ significantly across HbA1c (p = 0.066) or eGFR categories (p = 0.328). However, NLR positively correlated with serum creatinine (Spearman ρ = 0.352, p = 0.022) and demonstrated an inverse, nonsignificant association with eGFR (ρ = −0.275, p = 0.078).

Conclusions

NLR may serve as a practical adjunctive inflammatory biomarker in T2DM. Nevertheless, accurate clinical interpretation requires careful adjustment for renal function, comorbidities, and medication exposure. The absence of comprehensive data regarding the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), diabetes duration, and specific medication history limited multivariable confounder adjustment and complete nephropathy staging.

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中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值作为2型糖尿病肾病的相关生物标志物。

背景和目的：慢性低度炎症驱动2型糖尿病（T2DM）和微血管并发症（包括糖尿病肾病）的发生和进展。中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）是反映全身炎症活动的常规血液学指标。该研究通过CKD-EPI肌酐方程评估肾功能，评估了NLR与荷台达市队列中T2DM、血糖控制和肾功能的关系。方法：连续变量表示为中位数（四分位数范围），并使用非参数检验进行分析。通过Spearman相关和探索性线性回归评估相关性。结果：初步比较显示，T2DM患者的NLR明显高于健康对照组，证实了全身性炎症表型。在T2DM组中，不同HbA1c （p = 0.066）或eGFR （p = 0.328）的NLR无显著差异。然而，NLR与血清肌酐呈正相关（Spearman ρ = 0.352, p = 0.022），与eGFR呈负相关（ρ = -0.275, p = 0.078）。结论：NLR可作为T2DM的辅助炎症生物标志物。然而，准确的临床解释需要仔细调整肾功能、合并症和药物暴露。由于缺乏有关白蛋白与肌酐比值（ACR）、糖尿病病程和特定用药史的综合数据，限制了多变量混杂因素调整和完全肾病分期。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 医学-医学实验技术

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

7.40%

发文量

584

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis publishes original articles on newly developing modes of technology and laboratory assays, with emphasis on their application in current and future clinical laboratory testing. This includes reports from the following fields: immunochemistry and toxicology, hematology and hematopathology, immunopathology, molecular diagnostics, microbiology, genetic testing, immunohematology, and clinical chemistry.