Geographical origins influence on the chemical and antioxidant profiles of Moroccan sweet and bitter almonds

IF 4.6 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.bcab.2026.104250

Sara El Bernoussi, Ihssan Boujemaa, Ahmed Hajib, Hasnae Choukri, Mohammed Amanullah, Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Agnese Santanatoglia, Giovanni Caprioli, Mohamed Tabyaoui, Hicham Harhar

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study explores the impact of geographical origin on the physicochemical, phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of sweet (Prunus amygdalus) and bitter (P. amygdalus) almonds from six Moroccan regions. Sweet almonds from Agadir stood out for their low moisture (2.94%), high oil yield (68.44%) and favorable lipid profile, including high levels of oleic acid (73.29%), β-sitosterol (82.91%) and α-tocopherol (93.14%). These samples also exhibited the highest phenolic (33.59 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (11.17 mg QE/g) contents, alongside strong antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC₅₀ = 97.22 μg/mL; ABTS = 19.79 mg TE/g). All oil quality indicators met Codex standards. ANOVA and PCA analyses revealed significant effects of variety, region, and their interaction on oil composition and bioactivity. These findings highlight the importance of environmental factors in shaping almond quality and suggest that sweet almonds from Agadir are a promising source for high-value oil and antioxidant-rich formulations.

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地理来源对摩洛哥甜杏仁和苦杏仁的化学和抗氧化特性的影响

本研究探讨了地理产地对摩洛哥六个地区甜杏仁（Prunus amygdalus）和苦杏仁（P. amygdalus）的理化、植物化学和抗氧化特性的影响。来自Agadir的甜杏仁以其低水分（2.94%）、高出油率（68.44%）和良好的脂质特征脱颖而出，包括高油酸（73.29%）、β-谷甾醇（82.91%）和α-生育酚（93.14%）。这些样品还显示出最高的酚类（33.59 mg GAE/g）和类黄酮（11.17 mg QE/g）含量，以及较强的抗氧化能力（DPPH IC50 = 97.22 μg/mL, ABTS = 19.79 mg TE/g）。所有油脂质量指标均符合食品法典标准。方差分析（ANOVA）和主成分分析（PCA）表明，品种、地域及其相互作用对油分组成和生物活性有显著影响。这些发现强调了环境因素在塑造杏仁品质方面的重要性，并表明来自Agadir的甜杏仁是高价值油和富含抗氧化剂配方的有前途的来源。

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来源期刊

Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.50%

发文量

308

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology is the official journal of the International Society of Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology (ISBAB). The journal publishes high quality articles especially in the science and technology of biocatalysis, bioprocesses, agricultural biotechnology, biomedical biotechnology, and, if appropriate, from other related areas of biotechnology. The journal will publish peer-reviewed basic and applied research papers, authoritative reviews, and feature articles. The scope of the journal encompasses the research, industrial, and commercial aspects of biotechnology, including the areas of: biocatalysis; bioprocesses; food and agriculture; genetic engineering; molecular biology; healthcare and pharmaceuticals; biofuels; genomics; nanotechnology; environment and biodiversity; and bioremediation.