Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Quinoline Containing 2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles

Abstract

In this study, a series of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized characterized through ¹H, ¹³C NMR, and LC-MS methods. Their biological potential was assessed by evaluating antibacterial, antifungal properties, and anti-inflammatory studies. Among the tested derivatives, compound 2-(2-phenylquinolin-4-yl)-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole exhibited pronounced antibacterial efficacy against all tested bacterial strains with zone of inhibition ranging between 18.0–22.0 mm when compared to the standards. 2-(3-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2-phenylquinolin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, demonstrated notable antifungal activity with zone of inhibition ranging between 18.5–22.0 mm. Meanwhile, 2-(2-bromo-5-methoxyphenyl)-5-(2-phenylquinolin-4-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole exhibited notable anti-inflammatory activity, with an IC₅₀ value 58.80 µg/mL, outperforming the reference standard, aspirin (IC₅₀ = 83.16 µg/mL).