Heterogeneous Risks of Chemical Components and Sources in Size-Resolved Particulate Matter on Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke

IF 8.8

Environment & Health Pub Date : 2026-09-18 Epub Date: 2026-05-01 DOI:10.1021/envhealth.6c00019

Kun Hua, Miaomiao Wei, Mengyu Wang, Fuyin Wang, Qiyan Ding, Xinyao Feng, Lin Wang, Yingze Tian, Xin Li, Yinchang Feng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) from different emission sources exhibits distinct size distributions and chemical compositions, which may differentially influence stroke risk. However, how particle size, chemical composition, and emission source jointly shape subtype-specific stroke risks remains unclear. In this study, 58,763 ischemic stroke (IS) and 2,588 hemorrhagic stroke (HS) hospitalizations were analyzed alongside 41 PM chemical components and 6 major emission sources identified across 9 aerodynamic size fractions below 10 μm. Associations between PM physicochemical properties and stroke were assessed in a time-series framework. Stroke risks exhibited pronounced heterogeneity across particle size, chemical composition, emission source, stroke subtype, and demographic groups. IS was associated with a broad range of components below 1.1 μm and above 3.3 μm, whereas HS showed stronger links to specific metals (As, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Coal combustion (RR per IQR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01–1.10) and industrial emissions (RR per IQR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.00–1.41) were the principal contributors to IS and HS, respectively. Individuals younger than 60 years showed increased HS risks related to most components in size <0.43 μm and industrial emissions. Females showed stronger susceptibility to Cu, traffic-related sources, and resuspended dust. Overall, our findings show that stroke risk varies according to particle size, chemical composition, and emission sources, with distinct patterns across stroke subtypes and population groups. This integrative understanding helps clarify the priority drivers of stroke risk and supports more strategically targeted air quality interventions.

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缺血性和出血性中风中粒径分解颗粒物的化学成分和来源的异质性风险

来自不同排放源的大气颗粒物（PM）表现出不同的大小分布和化学成分，这可能对中风风险产生不同的影响。然而，颗粒大小、化学成分和排放源如何共同形成亚型特异性中风风险仍不清楚。在这项研究中，对58,763例缺血性中风（IS）和2,588例出血性中风（HS）住院患者进行了分析，并在10 μm以下的9个空气动力学尺寸分数中确定了41种PM化学成分和6种主要排放源。在时间序列框架内评估PM物理化学性质与中风之间的关系。卒中风险在颗粒大小、化学成分、排放源、卒中亚型和人口群体中表现出明显的异质性。IS与1.1 μm以下和3.3 μm以上的组分有广泛的关联，而hs2与特定金属（As, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb）和多环芳烃有较强的关联。煤炭燃烧（RR perIQR = 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.10）和工业排放（RR perIQR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.00-1.41）分别是IS和HS的主要贡献者。年龄小于60岁的个体HS风险增加与尺寸和工业排放的大多数成分相关。雌性对铜、交通相关源和重悬浮尘的易感性较强。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，中风风险因颗粒大小、化学成分和排放源而异，在中风亚型和人群中具有不同的模式。这种综合理解有助于澄清中风风险的优先驱动因素，并支持更具战略针对性的空气质量干预措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environment & Health 环境科学、健康科学-

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期刊介绍： Environment & Health a peer-reviewed open access journal is committed to exploring the relationship between the environment and human health.As a premier journal for multidisciplinary research Environment & Health reports the health consequences for individuals and communities of changing and hazardous environmental factors. In supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals the journal aims to help formulate policies to create a healthier world.Topics of interest include but are not limited to:Air water and soil pollutionExposomicsEnvironmental epidemiologyInnovative analytical methodology and instrumentation (multi-omics non-target analysis effect-directed analysis high-throughput screening etc.)Environmental toxicology (endocrine disrupting effect neurotoxicity alternative toxicology computational toxicology epigenetic toxicology etc.)Environmental microbiology pathogen and environmental transmission mechanisms of diseasesEnvironmental modeling bioinformatics and artificial intelligenceEmerging contaminants (including plastics engineered nanomaterials etc.)Climate change and related health effectHealth impacts of energy evolution and carbon neutralizationFood and drinking water safetyOccupational exposure and medicineInnovations in environmental technologies for better healthPolicies and international relations concerned with environmental health