Temperature Dependence of Creep Deformation and Microfracture Behavior of Aged T91 Steel Using Small Punch Creep Test

IF 4.5 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2026-04-10 DOI:10.1007/s12540-025-02165-6

Thanh Tuan Nguyen, Kee Bong Yoon, Anh Dung Ha, Young Wha Ma

{"title":"Temperature Dependence of Creep Deformation and Microfracture Behavior of Aged T91 Steel Using Small Punch Creep Test","authors":"Thanh Tuan Nguyen, Kee Bong Yoon, Anh Dung Ha, Young Wha Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12540-025-02165-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the applicability of the small punch creep (SPC) test for evaluating the creep properties and remaining service life of thermally aged T91 steel. Experimental campaigns were conducted over the temperature range of 550 °C to 650 °C to characterize the temperature-dependent creep deformation and microfracture mechanisms. The SPC results revealed a typical three-stage creep behavior, which was comparable to that observed in miniature tensile creep tests. A Norton–Bailey-type creep constitutive model was formulated using SPC-derived equivalent stress and strain rate data, showing excellent agreement with both SPC and miniature uniaxial tensile creep results. Fracture consistently initiated via circumferential cracking in the tensile-dominated region on the specimen's lower surface, characterized by significant localized thinning and a high density of creep voids, while the upper compressive region near the punch interface remained entirely void-free. Creep life assessment based on the Larson–Miller Parameter (LMP) demonstrated good correlation between SPC and reference data, confirming the reliability of the method for life prediction. Although thermally aged T91 exhibited a moderate reduction in creep rupture strength and activation energy due to microstructural degradation, SPC tests consistently predicted longer rupture lives than uniaxial tests, highlighting the need for appropriate correlation factors when applying SPC data for engineering assessment.</p><h3>Graphical Abstracts</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"32 10","pages":"3379 - 3399"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Metals and Materials International","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12540-025-02165-6","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study investigates the applicability of the small punch creep (SPC) test for evaluating the creep properties and remaining service life of thermally aged T91 steel. Experimental campaigns were conducted over the temperature range of 550 °C to 650 °C to characterize the temperature-dependent creep deformation and microfracture mechanisms. The SPC results revealed a typical three-stage creep behavior, which was comparable to that observed in miniature tensile creep tests. A Norton–Bailey-type creep constitutive model was formulated using SPC-derived equivalent stress and strain rate data, showing excellent agreement with both SPC and miniature uniaxial tensile creep results. Fracture consistently initiated via circumferential cracking in the tensile-dominated region on the specimen's lower surface, characterized by significant localized thinning and a high density of creep voids, while the upper compressive region near the punch interface remained entirely void-free. Creep life assessment based on the Larson–Miller Parameter (LMP) demonstrated good correlation between SPC and reference data, confirming the reliability of the method for life prediction. Although thermally aged T91 exhibited a moderate reduction in creep rupture strength and activation energy due to microstructural degradation, SPC tests consistently predicted longer rupture lives than uniaxial tests, highlighting the need for appropriate correlation factors when applying SPC data for engineering assessment.

Graphical Abstracts

查看原文本刊更多论文

用小冲孔蠕变试验研究时效T91钢蠕变变形和微断裂行为的温度依赖性

本研究探讨了小凸点蠕变（SPC）试验在评价热时效T91钢蠕变性能和剩余使用寿命中的适用性。实验在550°C至650°C的温度范围内进行，以表征温度相关的蠕变变形和微断裂机制。SPC结果显示了典型的三阶段蠕变行为，这与在微型拉伸蠕变试验中观察到的结果相当。利用SPC导出的等效应力应变率数据，建立了norton - bailey型蠕变本构模型，该模型与SPC和微型单轴拉伸蠕变结果非常吻合。试样下表面以拉伸为主区域的周向开裂导致断裂，表现为明显的局部变薄和高密度的蠕变空洞，而靠近冲压界面的上压缩区域则完全没有空洞。基于Larson-Miller参数（LMP）的蠕变寿命评估结果表明，SPC与参考数据具有良好的相关性，验证了该方法的可靠性。尽管由于微观结构的退化，热时效的T91表现出蠕变断裂强度和活化能的适度降低，但SPC试验始终比单轴试验预测更长的断裂寿命，这突出了在将SPC数据应用于工程评估时需要适当的相关因素。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Metals and Materials International 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

8.60%

发文量

197

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： Metals and Materials International publishes original papers and occasional critical reviews on all aspects of research and technology in materials engineering: physical metallurgy, materials science, and processing of metals and other materials. Emphasis is placed on those aspects of the science of materials that are concerned with the relationships among the processing, structure and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical) of materials. Aspects of processing include the melting, casting, and fabrication with the thermodynamics, kinetics and modeling.