Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Livestock in Ethiopia: Findings From a National Surveillance (2016-2023).

IF 2.1 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary Medicine and Science Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI:10.1002/vms3.71227

Daniel Gizaw, Hagos Asgdom, Ayelech Muluneh, Ayenalem Fentie, Demessa Negessu, Genet Bogale, Takele Worku, Ashebir Abebe, Getnet Abie Mekonnen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease that poses a severe threat to global livestock production and food security. In Ethiopia, the disease is endemic, with multiple circulating serotypes (O, A, SAT1, and SAT2) significantly impacting the agricultural economy.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of FMD across livestock populations in Ethiopia and identify associated risk factors to inform effective, evidence-based control strategies.

Methods: A cross-sectional surveillance study was conducted between 2016 and 2023. A total of 19,699 serum samples were collected from cattle, sheep, and goats across all regional states using a systematic sampling design. Antibodies against the FMD virus 3ABC protein were detected using Non-Structural Protein (NSP) ELISA. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, univariable analysis, and multivariable logistic regression.

Results: The overall FMD seroprevalence was 22% (4,341/19,699). Prevalence varied significantly by region, with the highest in Gambella (56.8%), followed by SNNPR (25.6%) and Oromia (23.7%), and the lowest in Amhara (14.6%). By species, cattle (23.9%) and sheep (22.3%) exhibited higher infection rates compared to goats (5.6%). Regional location (specifically Gambella) was identified as a significant risk factor (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.36-0.49).

Conclusions: These findings confirm the endemic nature of FMD across all Ethiopian regional states and production systems. Cattle serve as the primary maintenance species, with age, species, and regional movement patterns acting as key drivers of viral circulation.

Recommendations: There is an urgent need for risk-based surveillance and targeted vaccination strategies, particularly along major livestock trade routes and in districts with intensive inter-herd mixing. Implementing these spatially and epidemiologically informed control measures is essential to reducing the burden of FMD, protecting pastoralist livelihoods, and enhancing national food security and livestock export potential.

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埃塞俄比亚牲畜口蹄疫血清流行率及相关危险因素：2016-2023年国家监测结果

背景：口蹄疫是一种高度传染性的病毒性疾病，对全球畜牧业生产和粮食安全构成严重威胁。在埃塞俄比亚，该病是地方性的，有多种流行血清型（O型、A型、SAT1型和SAT2型）严重影响农业经济。目的：本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚牲畜种群中口蹄疫的血清患病率，并确定相关风险因素，为有效的循证控制策略提供信息。方法：2016 - 2023年进行横断面监测研究。采用系统抽样设计，从所有地区州的牛、绵羊和山羊中共收集了19699份血清样本。采用非结构蛋白（NSP） ELISA检测口蹄疫病毒3ABC蛋白抗体。数据分析采用描述性统计、单变量分析和多变量逻辑回归。结果：口蹄疫总血清阳性率为22%（4341 / 19699）。各地区患病率差异显著，甘贝拉最高（56.8%），其次是snpr（25.6%）和奥罗米亚（23.7%），阿姆哈拉最低（14.6%）。按种类划分，牛（23.9%）和绵羊（22.3%）的感染率高于山羊（5.6%）。区域位置（特别是甘贝拉）被确定为重要的危险因素（OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 0.36-0.49）。结论：这些发现证实了口蹄疫在埃塞俄比亚所有地区州和生产系统中的地方性。牛是主要的维持物种，年龄、物种和区域运动模式是病毒循环的关键驱动因素。建议：迫切需要基于风险的监测和有针对性的疫苗接种战略，特别是在主要牲畜贸易路线沿线和畜群间密集混合的地区。实施这些具有空间和流行病学信息的控制措施对于减轻口蹄疫负担、保护牧民生计以及增强国家粮食安全和牲畜出口潜力至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Veterinary Medicine and Science Veterinary-General Veterinary

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

296

期刊介绍： Veterinary Medicine and Science is the peer-reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of veterinary medicine and science. The journal aims to serve the research community by providing a vehicle for authors wishing to publish interesting and high quality work in both fundamental and clinical veterinary medicine and science. Veterinary Medicine and Science publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper. We aim to be a truly global forum for high-quality research in veterinary medicine and science, and believe that the best research should be published and made widely accessible as quickly as possible. Veterinary Medicine and Science publishes papers submitted directly to the journal and those referred from a select group of prestigious journals published by Wiley-Blackwell. Veterinary Medicine and Science is a Wiley Open Access journal, one of a new series of peer-reviewed titles publishing quality research with speed and efficiency. For further information visit the Wiley Open Access website.