A 220-GHz High-Resolution Near-Range FMCW Imaging Radar System

IF 5.2 1区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-31 DOI:10.1109/TMTT.2026.3717093

Huimin Liu;Zhang-Cheng Hao;Feng Xie;Chen-Yu Ding;Zhuo-Wei Miao;Wei Hong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article presents a compact, fully integrated 220-GHz frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system for high-resolution, large field-of-view 3-D near-range imaging. Employing a monostatic single-input–single-output architecture, the system exploits the short wavelength and ultrawide bandwidth (UWB) of terahertz (THz) waves to achieve millimeter-scale resolution in a

$12\times 6\times 3$

cm³ form factor. The hardware integrates silicon-based transmitter and receiver modules with signal control, frequency synthesis, data acquisition, and power management circuits on a unified platform. A phase-locked loop (PLL) and broadband voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) generate linear FMCW chirps with 9–14 GHz bandwidth, enabling a range resolution of 3 cm. To accelerate data acquisition while ensuring wide spatial coverage, an Archimedean spiral scanning trajectory is adopted based on a bistatic spherical wave propagation model. Nonuniform spatial sampling effects are compensated using the Voronoi tessellation, and Stolt interpolation is applied in k-space to enable efficient 3-D image reconstruction. The prototype achieves a lateral resolution of 2.7 mm. Experimental results on concealed objects and complex backgrounds demonstrate the system’s superior performance in terms of compactness, cost-effectiveness, imaging speed, and resolution. This radar is suitable for noninvasive inspection, nondestructive testing, and rapid near-field 3-D imaging applications.

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一种220 ghz高分辨率近距离FMCW成像雷达系统

本文介绍了一种紧凑的、完全集成的220 ghz调频连续波（FMCW）合成孔径雷达（SAR）系统，用于高分辨率、大视场三维近距离成像。该系统采用单静态单输入-单输出架构，利用太赫兹（THz）波的短波长和超宽带（UWB），以12 × 6 × 3 × cm3的尺寸实现毫米级分辨率。硬件将基于硅的发射器和接收器模块与信号控制、频率合成、数据采集和电源管理电路集成在一个统一的平台上。锁相环（PLL）和宽带压控振荡器（VCO）产生9-14 GHz带宽的线性FMCW啁啾，使范围分辨率达到3 cm。为了在保证大空间覆盖的同时加快数据采集，采用了基于双基地球面波传播模型的阿基米德螺旋扫描轨迹。使用Voronoi镶嵌补偿非均匀空间采样效果，并在k空间中应用Stolt插值以实现高效的三维图像重建。原型实现了2.7毫米的横向分辨率。在隐藏目标和复杂背景下的实验结果表明，该系统在紧凑性、成本效益、成像速度和分辨率方面具有优越的性能。该雷达适用于非侵入性检测、无损检测和快速近场三维成像应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

18.60%

发文量

486

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques focuses on that part of engineering and theory associated with microwave/millimeter-wave components, devices, circuits, and systems involving the generation, modulation, demodulation, control, transmission, and detection of microwave signals. This includes scientific, technical, and industrial, activities. Microwave theory and techniques relates to electromagnetic waves usually in the frequency region between a few MHz and a THz; other spectral regions and wave types are included within the scope of the Society whenever basic microwave theory and techniques can yield useful results. Generally, this occurs in the theory of wave propagation in structures with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, and in the related techniques for analysis and design.