Selective and Sensitive Detection of Butylated Hydroxyanisole With Manganese Hexacyanoferrate Graphene Composite Electrode

Abstract

A manganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCF)-modified graphene composite electrode was fabricated using a novel approach. Amine-functionalized graphene powder was used to prepare electrodes, and the surface was further modified with a thin MnHCF film. The resulting modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) under optimized conditions, displaying a linear response in the concentration range of 7.9 × 10⁻⁷ to 1.9 × 10⁻⁴ M with a correlation coefficient of 0.9988. The limit of detection was determined to be 1.24 × 10⁻⁷ M. Electrocatalytic oxidation of BHA at the modified electrode occurred at a significantly lower oxidation potential and over a wider pH range. The applicability of the modified electrode as an amperometric sensor for BHA determination was assessed through chronoamperometric experiments, demonstrating excellent stability and prolonged shelf life. Furthermore, the electrode was successfully applied for the determination of BHA in spiked real samples. The proposed method offers several advantages, including simple electrode fabrication, high stability, long operational life, low cost, and broad applicability for BHA determination.