A coumarin-quinoline-derived fast and highly sensitive turn on fluorescent probe for sniffing sulfite in food, living cells and zebrafish

IF 5.4 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Microchimica Acta Pub Date : 2026-09-07 DOI:10.1007/s00604-026-08387-8

Xuegang Xu, Jiaxin Hong, Huiquan Xiao, Xixiang Xiao, Wuying Yang, Luying Duan, Haoye Lu, Xiaoli Yin, Yanping Hong

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Abstract

Building on the precursor probe BMQ-1 with A−π−A configuration, a new optimized fluorescent probe, XYT, for the determination of sulfur dioxide was developed by extending the π-conjugation through replacing the electron acceptor 1-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-2-cyanoacrylonitrile with 1-(7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-yl)-2-cyanoacrylonitrile. This modification resulted in a redshift of XYT in emission wavelength from 590 nm to 603 nm upon reaction with sulfite. The probe demonstrated rapid colorimetric and fluorogenic changes (≈ 10 s), with the solution turning from colorless to red and emitting strong red fluorescence. XYT exhibited high selectivity, photostability, and sensitivity, achieving a detection limit as low as 49.9 nM. In practical detection scenarios, XYT was adopted to measure residual SO₂ contents in commercially available food samples, among which the analytical data of some specimens were verified via comparative analysis with the official Chinese national standard GB 5009.34–2022. Beyond in vitro assays on food matrices, XYT also enables fluorescence imaging of exogenous and endogenous SO₂ in live cells and zebrafish. These properties suggest that XYT holds substantial potential for pathological studies and clinical diagnostics involving SO₂.

Graphical abstract

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香豆素-喹啉衍生的快速高灵敏度荧光探针，用于嗅探食物、活细胞和斑马鱼中的亚硫酸盐。

以具有A-π-A构型的前驱体探针BMQ-1为基础，用1-（7-二乙基氨基香豆素-3-基）-2-氰基丙烯腈取代电子受体1-（4-二甲氨基苯基）-2-氰基丙烯腈扩展π共轭，制备了测定二氧化硫的新型荧光探针XYT。与亚硫酸盐反应后，XYT在发射波长由590 nm红移至603 nm。探针表现出快速的比色和荧光变化（≈10 s），溶液由无色变为红色并发出强烈的红色荧光。XYT具有较高的选择性、光稳定性和灵敏度，检测限低至49.9 nM。在实际检测场景中，采用XYT对市售食品样品中SO2残留量进行检测，其中部分样品的分析数据与中国官方国家标准GB 5009.34-2022进行对比分析验证。除了对食物基质进行体外检测外，XYT还可以对活细胞和斑马鱼中的外源性和内源性二氧化硫进行荧光成像。这些特性表明XYT在涉及SO2的病理研究和临床诊断中具有巨大的潜力。

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来源期刊

Microchimica Acta 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

410

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： As a peer-reviewed journal for analytical sciences and technologies on the micro- and nanoscale, Microchimica Acta has established itself as a premier forum for truly novel approaches in chemical and biochemical analysis. Coverage includes methods and devices that provide expedient solutions to the most contemporary demands in this area. Examples are point-of-care technologies, wearable (bio)sensors, in-vivo-monitoring, micro/nanomotors and materials based on synthetic biology as well as biomedical imaging and targeting.