DGTD Method for Lightning Pulse Propagation in Anisotropic Earth-Ionosphere Waveguide

IF 4.6 2区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-07 DOI:10.1109/LAWP.2026.3711184

Jiarong Dong;Qian Yang;Linqian Li;Bing Wei;Zhaomin Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

When a lightning electromagnetic pulse (LEMP) propagates in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide, the ionosphere exhibits anisotropy under the influence of the geomagnetic field, which directly affects the propagation velocity and attenuation characteristics of the LEMP. Therefore, taking the geomagnetic field into account in numerical simulations is of great significance for improving model accuracy. To address the limited applicability of existing analytical methods and the poor grid adaptability of conventional finite difference time-domain (FDTD) methods, this letter employs the more advantageous discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) method. However, existing DGTD-based propagation simulations typically simplify the ionosphere as an isotropic medium, making it difficult to accurately characterize the actual propagation behavior. To overcome this limitation, an auxiliary differential equation (ADE) is introduced to describe the anisotropic properties of the ionosphere in this letter. The DGTD iterative formulation suitable for the magnetized ionosphere is derived, and the correctness of the proposed algorithm is verified. On this basis, a waveguide model incorporating the geomagnetic field is constructed, and the effects of the geomagnetic field on LEMP propagation characteristics under different ionospheric conditions are comparatively analyzed. This study refines the DGTD method for LEMP propagation in complex ionospheric environments and provides a new numerical tool for the accurate simulation of LEMP in anisotropic ionospheres.

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各向异性地球-电离层波导中闪电脉冲传播的DGTD方法

雷电电磁脉冲（LEMP）在地球-电离层波导中传播时，电离层在地磁场的影响下表现出各向异性，直接影响了LEMP的传播速度和衰减特性。因此，在数值模拟中考虑地磁场对提高模型精度具有重要意义。为了解决现有分析方法适用性有限和传统时域有限差分（FDTD）方法网格适应性差的问题，本文采用了更具优势的不连续伽辽金时域（DGTD）方法。然而，现有的基于dgtd的传播模拟通常将电离层简化为各向同性介质，这使得难以准确表征实际传播行为。为了克服这一限制，本文引入了一个辅助微分方程（ADE）来描述电离层的各向异性。推导了适用于磁化电离层的DGTD迭代公式，并验证了算法的正确性。在此基础上，构建了考虑地磁场的波导模型，对比分析了不同电离层条件下地磁场对LEMP传播特性的影响。本研究对复杂电离层环境中LEMP传播的DGTD方法进行了改进，为各向异性电离层LEMP的精确模拟提供了新的数值工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 工程技术-电信学

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

9.50%

发文量

529

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters (AWP Letters) is devoted to the rapid electronic publication of short manuscripts in the technical areas of Antennas and Wireless Propagation. These are areas of competence for the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society (AP-S). AWPL aims to be one of the "fastest" journals among IEEE publications. This means that for papers that are eventually accepted, it is intended that an author may expect his or her paper to appear in IEEE Xplore, on average, around two months after submission.