Measurement and Characterization of Dual-Band Vehicle-to-Vehicle Millimeter-Wave Propagation Channels at 60 GHz and 80 GHz

Abstract

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication at millimeter-wave frequencies is a key enabler of high-data-rate and low-latency applications, but it is strongly affected by rapid channel dynamics. This letter presents a measurement-based characterization and modeling of dual-band V2V channels at 60 GHz and 80 GHz in selected scenarios within an urban campus environment. A dual-band channel sounding campaign was conducted using synchronized transmitters and receivers mounted on moving vehicles to capture time-varying channel impulse responses under different mobility conditions. From the measured data, the root-mean-square (rms) delay spread, rms Doppler spread, and estimated $K$-factor were extracted and statistically analyzed. In addition, the correlation distance of the rms delay and Doppler spreads are evaluated for the selected scenarios, and a deterministic two-point characterization of the mean estimated $K$-factor is presented. The results indicate that the rms delay spread remains below 30 ns for most scenarios, while the highest rms Doppler spread reaches 2.5 kHz at 80 GHz in the approaching scenario. Moreover, a broader $K$-factor distribution is observed at 80 GHz, indicating scenario and frequency dependence.