{"title":"The Relationship of Perceived Social Support with Smoking and Sleep in Adolescent Survivors of the Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes.","authors":"Ozan Özkol, Kamer Gür","doi":"10.1007/s40653-026-00858-7","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disasters such as earthquakes are damaging and traumatic events that cause serious problems in many fields. Earthquakes affect the physical and mental health of vulnerable adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents after the earthquakes that occurred in southern Türkiye on February 6, 2023. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between perceived social support and smoking, sleep quality and insomnia among adolescent earthquake survivors. The study was conducted in the Central district of Adıyaman city. The data were collected from earthquake-survivor adolescents aged between 13 and 18, enrolled in nine different high schools (<i>N</i> = 1579). Data were collected face-to-face in October-November 2023 using the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS) and Smoking Assessment Questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.40 ± 1.12 years and 55.7% were females. Adolescents who smoked had lower perceived social support. A weak negative correlation was found between perceived social support and sleep quality (<i>r</i> = - .24, <i>p</i><.001) and insomnia (<i>r</i> = - .20, <i>p</i><.001). There was a moderate correlation between the family subdimension of social support and sleep quality (<i>r</i> = - .32, <i>p</i><.001) and between the family subdimension and insomnia (<i>r</i> = - .32, <i>p</i><.001). In conclusion, social support can be considered a important factor against smoking and sleep problems among adolescent survivors of earthquakes. It is recommended that the relationship between social support and smoking and sleep quality be investigated in cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":44763,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","volume":"19 3","pages":"1635-1643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546223/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-026-00858-7","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/9/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"FAMILY STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Disasters such as earthquakes are damaging and traumatic events that cause serious problems in many fields. Earthquakes affect the physical and mental health of vulnerable adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted with adolescents after the earthquakes that occurred in southern Türkiye on February 6, 2023. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between perceived social support and smoking, sleep quality and insomnia among adolescent earthquake survivors. The study was conducted in the Central district of Adıyaman city. The data were collected from earthquake-survivor adolescents aged between 13 and 18, enrolled in nine different high schools (N = 1579). Data were collected face-to-face in October-November 2023 using the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Bergen Insomnia Scale (BIS) and Smoking Assessment Questionnaire. SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis. The mean age of the adolescents was 15.40 ± 1.12 years and 55.7% were females. Adolescents who smoked had lower perceived social support. A weak negative correlation was found between perceived social support and sleep quality (r = - .24, p<.001) and insomnia (r = - .20, p<.001). There was a moderate correlation between the family subdimension of social support and sleep quality (r = - .32, p<.001) and between the family subdimension and insomnia (r = - .32, p<.001). In conclusion, social support can be considered a important factor against smoking and sleep problems among adolescent survivors of earthquakes. It is recommended that the relationship between social support and smoking and sleep quality be investigated in cohort studies.
期刊介绍：
Underpinned by a biopsychosocial approach, the Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma presents original research and prevention and treatment strategies for understanding and dealing with symptoms and disorders related to the psychological effects of trauma experienced by children and adolescents during childhood and where the impact of these experiences continues into adulthood. The journal also examines intervention models directed toward the individual, family, and community, new theoretical models and approaches, and public policy proposals and innovations. In addition, the journal promotes rigorous investigation and debate on the human capacity for agency, resilience and longer-term healing in the face of child and adolescent trauma. With a multidisciplinary approach that draws input from the psychological, medical, social work, sociological, public health, legal and education fields, the journal features research, intervention approaches and evidence-based programs, theoretical articles, specific review articles, brief reports and case studies, and commentaries on current and/or controversial topics. The journal also encourages submissions from less heard voices, for example in terms of geography, minority status or service user perspectives.
Among the topics examined in the Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma:
The effects of childhood maltreatment
Loss, natural disasters, and political conflict
Exposure to or victimization from family or community violence
Racial, ethnic, gender, sexual orientation or class discrimination
Physical injury, diseases, and painful or debilitating medical treatments
The impact of poverty, social deprivation and inequality
Barriers and facilitators on pathways to recovery
The Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma is an important resource for practitioners, policymakers, researchers, and academics whose work is centered on children exposed to traumatic events and adults exposed to traumatic events as children.
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