The Effect of Exercise on Reproductive and Metabolic Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI:10.1111/jog.70477

Kangxi Zou, Yunlu Ping, Qiuyang Wei, Xiaoxuan Zhao, Ying Wang, Di Wu, Lu Chen, Shimeng Wang, Xiaoling Feng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder, and the independent effect of exercise as a fundamental intervention for it remains to be clarified. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of exercise intervention alone on improving reproductive endocrine and metabolic profiles in individuals with PCOS.

Methods

A systematic search of multiple databases was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until July 2025. Data from eligible RCTs were collected, and quality evaluation with meta-analysis was performed.

Results

This investigation encompassed 22 RCTs involving 1044 women with PCOS. The meta-analysis indicated that exercise significantly reduced total testosterone (TT), free testosterone, fasting insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while increasing high-density lipoprotein levels. Subgroup analyses showed that moderate-to-low intensity exercise specifically increased sex hormone-binding globulin. Exercise duration ≥ 150 min per week yielded more pronounced reductions in TT. Concerning population characteristics, Asian cohorts exhibited particularly prominent improvements in reducing body mass index, TT, low-density lipoprotein, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. South American and European populations showed significant benefits in lowering TT and fasting insulin, respectively. Moreover, non-obese women with PCOS experienced greater reductions in TT compared to their obese counterparts.

Conclusions

Exercise intervention alone significantly ameliorates body composition, hyperandrogenism, and certain glucose and lipid metabolic disturbances in individuals with PCOS. The benefits are modulated by exercise parameters (intensity, weekly duration) and baseline patient characteristics (geographical distribution, obesity status), highlighting the importance of individualized interventions in clinical practice.

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运动对多囊卵巢综合征女性生殖和代谢结局的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析

目的：多囊卵巢综合征（Polycystic ovarian syndrome， PCOS）是一种常见的内分泌代谢疾病，运动作为其根本干预手段的独立作用尚不明确。因此，本研究旨在探讨单独运动干预对改善PCOS患者生殖内分泌和代谢状况的影响。方法：系统检索截至2025年7月发表的随机对照试验（RCTs）的多个数据库。收集符合条件的随机对照试验的数据，并用meta分析进行质量评价。结果：本研究纳入22项随机对照试验，涉及1044名多囊卵巢综合征妇女。荟萃分析表明，运动显著降低总睾酮（TT）、游离睾酮、空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR），同时增加高密度脂蛋白水平。亚组分析显示，中低强度运动显著增加性激素结合球蛋白。每周运动时间≥150分钟，TT降低更为明显。关于人群特征，亚洲队列在降低体重指数、TT、低密度脂蛋白、空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR方面表现出特别显著的改善。南美和欧洲人群分别在降低TT和空腹胰岛素方面显示出显著的益处。此外，与肥胖女性相比，非肥胖多囊卵巢综合征女性的TT降低幅度更大。结论：单独运动干预可显著改善多囊卵巢综合征患者的身体成分、高雄激素症和某些糖脂代谢紊乱。这些益处是由运动参数（强度、每周持续时间）和基线患者特征（地理分布、肥胖状况）调节的，强调了个体化干预在临床实践中的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

376

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research is the official Journal of the Asia and Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and aims to provide a medium for the publication of articles in the fields of obstetrics and gynecology. The Journal publishes original research articles, case reports, review articles and letters to the editor. The Journal will give publication priority to original research articles over case reports. Accepted papers become the exclusive licence of the Journal. Manuscripts are peer reviewed by at least two referees and/or Associate Editors expert in the field of the submitted paper.