{"title":"Changes in Perihyoid Muscle Strength Associated with Fixed and Progressive Resistance Exercise in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Kelly Salmon","doi":"10.1007/s00455-026-10998-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The supra- and infrahyoid muscles, collectively referred to as the perihyoid musculature, contribute to hyolaryngeal excursion and pharyngoesophageal segment opening during swallowing. This study investigated whether fixed- and progressive-resistance chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) protocols improve perihyoid strength, measured using open-mouth maximum isometric pressure (OM-MIP), in healthy adults. Forty-two healthy adults were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: traditional fixed-resistance CTAR using an inflatable ball, fixed-resistance CTAR using a novel spring-loaded device, or progressive-resistance CTAR using the same novel device. Participants completed a six-week home-based training program. Perihyoid strength was quantified at baseline and post-intervention using the OM-MIP protocol with a handheld dynamometer. Adherence was tracked using a digital home exercise platform. All groups demonstrated statistically significant within-group improvements in OM-MIP. Median paired gains were observed in the traditional fixed-resistance group (+ 3.65 kgF), novel fixed-resistance group (+ 2.25 kgF), and progressive-resistance group (+ 3.20 kgF). Between-group comparisons of change scores were not statistically significant (p = .371), indicating that no single training approach resulted in superior OM-MIP gains. Adherence did not differ significantly across groups and did not significantly predict post-intervention OM-MIP when included as a covariate. Traditional fixed-resistance, novel fixed-resistance, and novel progressive-resistance CTAR protocols were associated with improved OM-MIP in healthy adults following six weeks of home-based training. These findings support the physiologic feasibility of CTAR-based perihyoid strengthening approaches but do not establish effects on swallowing biomechanics or functional swallowing outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize resistance progression, examine dose-response relationships, and determine whether gains in OM-MIP translate to clinically meaningful swallowing outcomes in dysphagic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11508,"journal":{"name":"Dysphagia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dysphagia","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-026-10998-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The supra- and infrahyoid muscles, collectively referred to as the perihyoid musculature, contribute to hyolaryngeal excursion and pharyngoesophageal segment opening during swallowing. This study investigated whether fixed- and progressive-resistance chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) protocols improve perihyoid strength, measured using open-mouth maximum isometric pressure (OM-MIP), in healthy adults. Forty-two healthy adults were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: traditional fixed-resistance CTAR using an inflatable ball, fixed-resistance CTAR using a novel spring-loaded device, or progressive-resistance CTAR using the same novel device. Participants completed a six-week home-based training program. Perihyoid strength was quantified at baseline and post-intervention using the OM-MIP protocol with a handheld dynamometer. Adherence was tracked using a digital home exercise platform. All groups demonstrated statistically significant within-group improvements in OM-MIP. Median paired gains were observed in the traditional fixed-resistance group (+ 3.65 kgF), novel fixed-resistance group (+ 2.25 kgF), and progressive-resistance group (+ 3.20 kgF). Between-group comparisons of change scores were not statistically significant (p = .371), indicating that no single training approach resulted in superior OM-MIP gains. Adherence did not differ significantly across groups and did not significantly predict post-intervention OM-MIP when included as a covariate. Traditional fixed-resistance, novel fixed-resistance, and novel progressive-resistance CTAR protocols were associated with improved OM-MIP in healthy adults following six weeks of home-based training. These findings support the physiologic feasibility of CTAR-based perihyoid strengthening approaches but do not establish effects on swallowing biomechanics or functional swallowing outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize resistance progression, examine dose-response relationships, and determine whether gains in OM-MIP translate to clinically meaningful swallowing outcomes in dysphagic populations.
期刊介绍：
Dysphagia aims to serve as a voice for the benefit of the patient. The journal is devoted exclusively to swallowing and its disorders. The purpose of the journal is to provide a source of information to the flourishing dysphagia community. Over the past years, the field of dysphagia has grown rapidly, and the community of dysphagia researchers have galvanized with ambition to represent dysphagia patients. In addition to covering a myriad of disciplines in medicine and speech pathology, the following topics are also covered, but are not limited to: bio-engineering, deglutition, esophageal motility, immunology, and neuro-gastroenterology. The journal aims to foster a growing need for further dysphagia investigation, to disseminate knowledge through research, and to stimulate communication among interested professionals. The journal publishes original papers, technical and instrumental notes, letters to the editor, and review articles.
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