Diagnostic value of serum neuron-specific enolase and S100 calcium-binding protein B for sepsis-associated encephalopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Biomarkers Pub Date : 2026-11-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-27 DOI:10.1080/1354750X.2026.2722073

Zhang Li, Shuyu Zhong, Minjing Chen, Huan Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent and serious complication of sepsis, but reliable diagnostic biomarkers remain limited.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) in distinguishing SAE from sepsis without SAE.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science between inception and January 2026. Studies comparing serum NSE and/or S100B levels between patients with SAE and patients with sepsis without SAE were included.

Results: Eight studies involving 722 participants (323 with SAE and 399 with sepsis but no SAE) were included. Both NSE and S100B levels were significantly elevated in the SAE group compared with the sepsis without SAE group. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) for NSE was 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-0.97, P < 0.001, I² = 0.0%), indicating a large effect size with minimal heterogeneity. The pooled SMD for S100B was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.77-1.11, P < 0.001, I² = 0.0%), also demonstrating a large effect size.

Conclusions: Serum NSE and S100B are significantly elevated in SAE and may help identify SAE early in patients with sepsis.

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血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶和S100钙结合蛋白B对败血症相关脑病的诊断价值：系统回顾和荟萃分析

背景：脓毒症相关脑病（SAE）是脓毒症常见且严重的并发症，但可靠的诊断生物标志物仍然有限。目的：探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）和S100钙结合蛋白B （S100B）对SAE与非SAE脓毒症的诊断价值。方法：在PubMed、Embase和Web of Science数据库中检索建站至2026年1月的文献。比较SAE患者和无SAE脓毒症患者血清NSE和/或S100B水平的研究被纳入。结果：纳入了8项研究，涉及722名参与者（323名患有SAE， 399名患有脓毒症但没有SAE）。与未发生SAE的脓毒症组相比，SAE组的NSE和S100B水平均显著升高。NSE的合并标准化平均差（SMD）为0.82(95%置信区间[CI]: 0.66-0.97, P < 0.001, I2 = 0.0%)，表明效应量大，异质性最小。S100B的综合SMD为0.94 (95% CI: 0.77-1.11, P < 0.001, I2 = 0.0%)，也显示了较大的效应量。结论：SAE患者血清NSE和S100B显著升高，可能有助于脓毒症患者早期识别SAE。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biomarkers 医学-毒理学

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

3.80%

发文量

140

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The journal Biomarkers brings together all aspects of the rapidly growing field of biomarker research, encompassing their various uses and applications in one essential source. Biomarkers provides a vital forum for the exchange of ideas and concepts in all areas of biomarker research. High quality papers in four main areas are accepted and manuscripts describing novel biomarkers and their subsequent validation are especially encouraged: • Biomarkers of disease • Biomarkers of exposure • Biomarkers of response • Biomarkers of susceptibility Manuscripts can describe biomarkers measured in humans or other animals in vivo or in vitro. Biomarkers will consider publishing negative data from studies of biomarkers of susceptibility in human populations.