Shrimp shell–derived chitosan–integrated perylene (CIP): a sustainable visible-light-responsive solid-state photocatalyst for NADH regeneration and direct C-H arylation

Abstract

Designing a photocatalyst that is safe for the environment, affordable, recyclable, and highly effective is essential for simulating natural photosynthesis and accelerating biological processes under visible light. Here, we introduce a novel, affordable, and reusable shrimp shell-based chitosan–integrated perylene (CIP) photocatalyst. It is made up of chitosan (C) covalently bound to a light-harvesting perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (P) moiety. The resulting visible-light-responsive CIP system exhibits multifunctional activity at mild conditions, permitting particular chemical reactions. Notably, CIP achieves highly effective regeneration of the essential coenzyme NADH (73.41%) and directly arylates C-H bonds between heteroarene derivatives and aryl diazonium salts, producing extraordinary yields (98.99%). The potential of chitosan-integrated photocatalysts as long-term platforms for coenzyme renewal and direct chemical synthesis activated by visible light is demonstrated by recent work.