Application of melamine-starch and bixin film (Bixa orellana L.) in wound healing.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate through histological analysis the application of starch-melamine film and bixin (Bixa orellana L.) in wound healing in Wistar rats.

Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 6 per group): Group 1 (control), cutaneous wound without topical treatment; Group 2, cutaneous wound treated with a bixin-free film; and Group 3, cutaneous wound treated with a film containing bixin. Wound healing progression was monitored by photographic documentation and histological analysis on postoperative days 3, 7, and 14.

Results: At the end of three days, the three groups showed similar histological aspects with incipient re-epithelialization and edematous extracellular matrix (ECM). After seven days, the edema decreased, and the ECM appeared much more compact. After 14 days, the newly formed epidermis extended toward the wound center, but re-epithelialization was not complete in any group. Fibroblast proliferation and maturation were accentuated in all three groups. Group 3 (bixin group) exhibited wounds with a dense matrix, increased collagen deposition, and a minimal inflammatory cell infiltrate.

Conclusion: The starch-melamine composite associated with bixin demonstrated potential to enhance tissue repair and modulate the inflammatory response.