{"title":"Heat Synchronization Protocols in Dairy Cattle (<i>Bos indicus</i>) and Success Factors in Niger.","authors":"Mahamadou Moussa Garba, Mani Mamman, Hamadou Issa","doi":"10.1155/vmi/4212869","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synchronization and induction of ovulation enable the control and harmonization of femaleestrus cycle facilitating artificial insemination (AI) by mitigating the challenges associated with heat detection. In Niger, progestogens alone or in combination with other hormones such asgonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF<sub>2α</sub>), are frequently employed to manage prolonged postpartum anestrus in cattle. This summary reviews their physiological mechanisms of action and practical application protocols. Additionally, complementary hormonal treatments notably PGF<sub>2α</sub> and Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) are commonly integrated intointravaginal device (IVD) based regimens. Understanding the hormonal dynamics of estrus is essential for maximizing the success rate of IVD-based synchronization program.</p>","PeriodicalId":23503,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4212869"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479802/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Veterinary Medicine International","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/4212869","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Synchronization and induction of ovulation enable the control and harmonization of femaleestrus cycle facilitating artificial insemination (AI) by mitigating the challenges associated with heat detection. In Niger, progestogens alone or in combination with other hormones such asgonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α), are frequently employed to manage prolonged postpartum anestrus in cattle. This summary reviews their physiological mechanisms of action and practical application protocols. Additionally, complementary hormonal treatments notably PGF2α and Equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) are commonly integrated intointravaginal device (IVD) based regimens. Understanding the hormonal dynamics of estrus is essential for maximizing the success rate of IVD-based synchronization program.
期刊介绍：
Veterinary Medicine International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles and review articles in all areas of veterinary research. The journal will consider articles on the biological basis of disease, as well as diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and epidemiology.
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