Clinical and demographic factors associated with coexisting carpal tunnel syndrome and trigger finger in Kazakhstan.

Abstract

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and trigger finger (TF) are common hand disorders that frequently coexist. Most available data originate from North American, European, and East Asian populations, whereas data from Central Asian countries remain limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of concurrent CTS and TF and identify associated demographic and clinical factors in a clinical cohort from Kazakhstan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients diagnosed with CTS, TF, or both conditions. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and clinical variables were analyzed. Group differences were assessed using chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with concurrent CTS and TF.

Results: A total of 138 patients were included. Among them, 82 (59.4%) had CTS, 48 (34.8%) had TF, and 8 (5.8%) had both conditions. Significant differences between groups were observed for sex (p = 0.001), ethnicity (p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (p = 0.008), thyroid disease (p = 0.010), and hormone therapy (p = 0.030). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with concurrent CTS and TF (OR = 72.96; 95% CI 2.41-2208.9; p = 0.014), whereas increasing age was associated with lower odds of coexistence (OR = 0.77; 95% CI 0.63-0.92; p = 0.005).

Conclusions: Concurrent CTS and TF were identified in a limited number of patients in this cohort. Diabetes mellitus and age were associated with their coexistence. These findings provide clinical data from an understudied Kazakhstani population.