Do Diet, Oral Hygiene, and Sleep Habits Correlate with Severe COVID-19?

IF 1.8 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

International Journal of Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-30 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_292_24

Ali Esmaeilpour, Zahra Abdolahinia, Nouzar Nakheei, Mehrdad Farrokhnia, Parya Jangipour Afshar, AliAkbar Haghdoost

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Because of the impact of lifestyle on health, we assessed the correlation of diet, oral hygiene, and sleep habits with the severity of COVID-19 among patients in a referral hospital in Iran.

Methods: In this case-control study, 582 participants (289 cases and 293 controls) were included. The case group consisted of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection, who were admitted to intensive care unit or died during hospitalization. The control group consisted of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection who were admitted to other wards or did not have serious problems and subsequently discharged in relatively good condition. Independent variables were lifestyle information, including habits and diet, oral and dental hygiene, sleep habits.

Results: Adequate consumption of salt and white meat have been identified protective factor for severe COVID-19 infection (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34-0.78) (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17-0.69), respectively. The findings indicated that brushing teeth after dinner was decreased the chance of contracting the severe COVID-19 infection (AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40-0.96). However, had dentures was linked to an increased risk of infection (AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.16-2.70). The pain during sleep, feeling cold during sleep were associated with an elevated chance of severe infection (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.24-3.53) and (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.09-3.39), respectively. Also, the individuals who slept longer periods during the day exhibited a heightened probability of developing the severe form of COVID-19 (AOR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08-1.36). Furthermore, persistent, or intermittent cough increased the odds of the severe disease (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01-2.69) (AOR = 4.45, 95% CI: 1.88-10.52).

Conclusions: Our findings showed significant associations between the severity of COVID-19 infection and some aspects of lifestyle. Attention to these habits may change the course of such infections with minimum costs.

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饮食、口腔卫生和睡眠习惯与严重的COVID-19有关吗？

背景：由于生活方式对健康的影响，我们评估了伊朗一家转诊医院患者的饮食、口腔卫生和睡眠习惯与COVID-19严重程度的相关性。方法：纳入病例对照研究582例，其中病例289例，对照组293例。病例组由被诊断为COVID-19感染的患者组成，这些患者住进重症监护室或在住院期间死亡。对照组为诊断为COVID-19感染的患者，他们在其他病房住院或没有严重问题，出院后病情相对较好。独立变量是生活方式信息，包括习惯和饮食，口腔和牙齿卫生，睡眠习惯。结果：充分食用盐和白肉已被确定为COVID-19严重感染的保护因素（调整优势比[AOR] =0.52, 95%可信区间[CI]: 0.34-0.78）（AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17-0.69）。结果表明，晚餐后刷牙可降低感染COVID-19严重感染的几率（AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40-0.96）。然而，假牙与感染风险增加有关（AOR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.16-2.70）。睡眠时疼痛、睡眠时感觉寒冷与严重感染的几率升高相关（AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.24-3.53）和（AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.09-3.39）。此外，白天睡眠时间较长的人患COVID-19严重形式的可能性更高（AOR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08-1.36）。此外，持续或间歇性咳嗽增加了严重疾病的几率（AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01-2.69）（AOR = 4.45, 95% CI: 1.88-10.52）。结论：我们的研究结果显示，COVID-19感染的严重程度与生活方式的某些方面存在显著关联。注意这些习惯可能会以最小的代价改变这类感染的过程。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Preventive Medicine MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

4.80%

发文量

107

期刊介绍： International Journal of Preventive Medicine, a publication of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, is a peer-reviewed online journal with Continuous print on demand compilation of issues published. The journal’s full text is available online at http://www.ijpvmjournal.net. The journal allows free access (Open Access) to its contents and permits authors to self-archive final accepted version of the articles on any OAI-compliant institutional / subject-based repository. The journal will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical and social issues in field of Preventive Medicine. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.