Association between third molar agenesis and sagittal skeletal discrepancies in an orthodontic patient population.

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

BMC Oral Health Pub Date : 2026-08-20 DOI:10.1186/s12903-026-09539-1

Philipp Schnegelsberg, Nikola Sophie Ortner, Peter Proff, Svenja Beisel-Memmert, Theodosia Bartzela, Eva Paddenberg-Schubert, Erika Calvano Küchler, Christian Kirschneck

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Abstract

Background: Previous studies have reported differences in the prevalence of tooth agenesis according to sagittal skeletal discrepancies, while third molars have often not been considered. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between third molar agenesis and sagittal skeletal discrepancies.

Methods: This cross-sectional study comprised 484 orthodontic patients. Pre-orthodontic lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitally analyzed using OnyxCeph³. SNA, SNB, and ANB angles were determined, and the skeletal classification based on ANB was performed as Class I, Class II, and Class III. In addition, sagittal jaw positions were classified as retrognathic, orthognathic, or prognathic. Third molar agenesis was evaluated on panoramic radiographs. The control group consisted exclusively of individuals with a complete permanent dentition of 32 teeth. Statistical analysis was performed at α = 0.05.

Results: A total 244 females and 240 males were included: 216 patients had skeletal Class I malocclusion, 201 had skeletal Class II malocclusion, and 67 had skeletal Class III malocclusion. A total of 117 patients had third molar agenesis. Patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion showed a higher prevalence of third molar agenesis (total) (p = 0.0086) and a higher prevalence of maxillary third molar agenesis (p = 0.0003). The number of missing third molars ranged from 1 to 4, and a statistically significant difference was observed, with patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion showing a higher number of missing third molars compared with patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion (p = 0.0309) and skeletal Class I malocclusion (p = 0.0432). Logistic regression analysis was performed, in which gender and age were included in the model as covariates showed that Skeletal class III malocclusion remained associated with third molar agenesis (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Third molar agenesis was significantly more prevalent in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion.

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正畸患者群体中第三磨牙发育不全与矢状面骨骼差异之间的关系。

背景：以前的研究报道了根据矢状面骨骼差异在牙齿发育不全患病率上的差异，而第三磨牙通常没有被考虑在内。本研究的目的是探讨第三磨牙发育不全和矢状面骨骼差异之间的关系。方法：对484例正畸患者进行横断面研究。使用OnyxCeph³对正畸前侧位头颅x线片进行数字分析。确定SNA、SNB和ANB角度，并根据ANB将骨骼分类为I类、II类和III类。此外，矢状颌的位置被分为后颌、正颌和前颌。在全景x线片上评估第三磨牙发育不全。对照组仅由32颗牙齿完整恒牙的个体组成。采用α = 0.05进行统计学分析。结果：共纳入女性244例，男性240例，其中骨骼I类错合216例，骨骼II类错合201例，骨骼III类错合67例。第三磨牙发育不全117例。骨骼III类错颌患者第三磨牙发育不全（总发生率）较高（p = 0.0086），上颌第三磨牙发育不全发生率较高（p = 0.0003）。缺失第三磨牙数为1 ~ 4颗，差异有统计学意义，骨性III类错牙合患者缺失第三磨牙数高于骨性II类错牙合患者（p = 0.0309）和骨性I类错牙合患者（p = 0.0432）。进行Logistic回归分析，将性别和年龄作为协变量纳入模型，结果显示骨骼III类错颌与第三磨牙发育不全仍然相关(p结论：骨骼III类错颌患者的第三磨牙发育不全更为普遍。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMC Oral Health DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

6.90%

发文量

481

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Oral Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of disorders of the mouth, teeth and gums, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.