Metastatic Testicular Cancer Complicated by Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction

The coexistence of testicular cancer and hematopoietic disorders is rare, and reports on optimal treatment strategies are limited. Here, we present a case of metastatic testicular cancer associated with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Case Presentation

A 24-year-old man with pancytopenia underwent right orchiectomy for a right scrotal mass. Histopathological examination revealed embryonal carcinoma. Subsequent imaging demonstrated para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Pancytopenia was diagnosed as myelodysplastic syndrome. The patient received chemotherapy with dose modifications and a prolonged treatment course, followed by retroperitoneal lymph node dissection; viable tumor cells were identified in the resected specimens. After adjuvant chemotherapy, allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed for myelodysplastic syndrome. The patient remained free of testicular cancer recurrence for 2 years post-surgery.

Conclusion

This case suggests that durable disease control may be achievable in metastatic testicular cancer associated with myelodysplastic syndrome through carefully managed chemotherapy and surgery.