{"title":"Asymptotic Analysis of Small Energy Breathers for the Nonlinear Klein–Gordon Equation","authors":"Michał Kowalczyk, Yvan Martel","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00251-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For a general class of nonlinear Klein–Gordon equations, we prove that in the small energy limit, any sequence of breathers decomposes into a finite sum of decoupled, periodically modulated canonical solitons. Each of these solitons is asymptotically equal to an explicit sine-Gordon breather and the distance between them grows to infinity as the energy decreases to 0. Finally we prove that none of these breathers is centered in a bounded set provided that a certain non resonance condition holds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Pde","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40818-026-00251-5","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
For a general class of nonlinear Klein–Gordon equations, we prove that in the small energy limit, any sequence of breathers decomposes into a finite sum of decoupled, periodically modulated canonical solitons. Each of these solitons is asymptotically equal to an explicit sine-Gordon breather and the distance between them grows to infinity as the energy decreases to 0. Finally we prove that none of these breathers is centered in a bounded set provided that a certain non resonance condition holds.