Analysis and Applications of Neuromorphic Memristors in Artificial Intelligence Computing

IF 36.3 1区材料科学 Q1 Engineering

Nano-Micro Letters Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI:10.1007/s40820-026-02322-5

Jianhui Wang, Qingxin Chen, Jinhao Zhang, Jialin Meng, Tianyu Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly in recent years and has been widely applied in healthcare, intelligent sensing, machine perception, and image recognition. Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the structure and operating principles of the human brain, has emerged as a promising paradigm for building efficient, low-power, and adaptive information processing systems. In this review, we summarize the development of neuromorphic memristors from the perspectives of biological inspiration, representative material systems, device architectures, performance metrics, and artificial intelligence-oriented applications. Different from previous reviews that mainly focus on memristor materials, switching mechanisms, or neuromorphic functions separately, this article further emphasizes the relationships between memristor characteristics and distinct AI-oriented tasks, including AI acceleration, neuromorphic computing, intelligent sensing, and human–machine interaction. Finally, the major challenges and future opportunities of neuromorphic memristors are discussed from the viewpoints of device optimization, system integration, scalability, and practical application.

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神经形态记忆电阻器在人工智能计算中的分析与应用

人工智能（AI）近年来发展迅速，在医疗保健、智能传感、机器感知和图像识别等领域得到了广泛应用。受人脑结构和运作原理的启发，神经形态计算已经成为构建高效、低功耗和自适应信息处理系统的一个有前途的范例。本文从生物启发、代表性材料系统、器件结构、性能指标和面向人工智能的应用等方面综述了神经形态记忆电阻器的发展。与以往的综述主要关注忆阻器材料、开关机制或神经形态功能不同，本文进一步强调了忆阻器特性与不同AI导向任务之间的关系，包括AI加速、神经形态计算、智能传感和人机交互。最后，从器件优化、系统集成、可扩展性和实际应用等方面讨论了神经形态记忆电阻器的主要挑战和未来机遇。

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来源期刊

Nano-Micro Letters NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

32.60

自引率

4.90%

发文量

981

审稿时长

1.1 months

期刊介绍： Nano-Micro Letters is a peer-reviewed, international, interdisciplinary, and open-access journal published under the SpringerOpen brand. Nano-Micro Letters focuses on the science, experiments, engineering, technologies, and applications of nano- or microscale structures and systems in various fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, material science, and pharmacy.It also explores the expanding interfaces between these fields. Nano-Micro Letters particularly emphasizes the bottom-up approach in the length scale from nano to micro. This approach is crucial for achieving industrial applications in nanotechnology, as it involves the assembly, modification, and control of nanostructures on a microscale.