Differential immunomodulatory effects of tebufenozide and fenoxycarb on cellular immunity in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae.

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY

Environmental Entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-02 DOI:10.1093/ee/nvag076

Marzieh Attarianfar, Azam Mikani, Mohammad Mehrabadi

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Abstract

Insect growth regulators (IGRs) such as tebufenozide (an ecdysone agonist) and fenoxycarb (a juvenile hormone analog) are widely used in pest management, but their immunomodulatory effects remain poorly understood. This study investigated the impacts of these IGRs on cellular immunity in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae, a major agricultural pest. To test this, the first day third-instar larvae were fed on diet containing sublethal (LC10, LC25) and lethal (LC50) concentrations of tebufenozide or fenoxycarb at 24, 48, and 96 h and different cellular immunity parameters were measured. The total hemocyte counts (THC), plasmatocyte and granulocyte counts, nodulation, and phenoloxidase (PO) activities significantly increased following feeding of tebufenozide. In contrast, fenoxycarb decreased all the measured immune parameters, reducing THC, plasmatocyte and granulocyte counts, also significantly impairing nodulation and PO activity. These findings demonstrate that tebufenozide and fenoxycarb exert opposing effects on H. armigera cellular immunity.

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氟虫腈和苯醚威对棉铃虫幼虫细胞免疫的差异调节作用。

昆虫生长调节剂（IGRs）如虫酰肼（一种激素激动剂）和苯醚威（一种幼虫激素类似物）被广泛用于害虫管理，但它们的免疫调节作用仍然知之甚少。本研究研究了这些IGRs对主要农业害虫棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera, h bner, 1808）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）幼虫细胞免疫的影响。为了验证这一点，将第1天的3龄幼虫分别饲喂含有亚致死（LC10、LC25）和致死（LC50）浓度的虫腈酰肼或苯醚威24、48和96 h，并测量不同的细胞免疫参数。饲喂虫酰肼后，总血细胞计数（THC）、浆细胞和粒细胞计数、结瘤和酚氧化酶（PO）活性显著增加。相反，苯醚威降低了所有测量的免疫参数，降低了四氢大麻酚、浆细胞和粒细胞计数，也显著损害了结瘤和PO活性。这些发现表明，氟虫腈和氟虫腈对棉铃虫的细胞免疫具有相反的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Environmental Entomology 生物-昆虫学

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Environmental Entomology is published bimonthly in February, April, June, August, October, and December. The journal publishes reports on the interaction of insects with the biological, chemical, and physical aspects of their environment. In addition to research papers, Environmental Entomology publishes Reviews, interpretive articles in a Forum section, and Letters to the Editor.