Role of the Dynamic Degree of Freedom in Scalar–Tensor Non-Metricity Gravity With Curved FLRW Geometry

Abstract

We investigate a non-minimally coupled scalar field theory within the framework of scalar–tensor non-metricity gravity, focusing on spatially curved FLRW spacetimes. Employing the dynamical systems approach with Hubble-normalized variables, we reformulate the field equations into an autonomous system and analyze the resulting critical points. Four distinct cases, determined by the scalar coupling and potential functions, are studied in detail. For each case, we identify the existence and stability of equilibrium points, classify their cosmological behavior, and compute key observables such as the deceleration parameter and effective equation of state. Our results reveal that the theory admits matter-dominated eras, parameter-dependent saddle solutions, and stable de Sitter attractors capable of driving late-time cosmic acceleration. The additional scalar degree of freedom introduced by the non-coincident gauge plays a crucial role in determining the system's dynamics and viability. These findings emphasize the potential of scalar–tensor non-metricity gravity as a robust extension of general relativity and motivate further confrontation of the model with observational data.