Problematic video-streaming in adolescents: The role of binge-watching patterns, short video format, and emotion regulation abilities

Abstract

Background

Viewing videos online, i.e., video streaming, is a popular internet activity among adolescents. However, this age group is especially vulnerable to developing problematic internet use (PIU). Previous research highlights the relevance of emotion regulation (ER) across different forms of PIU but much less is known about problematic video streaming (PVS). Excessive binge-watching (BW) is linked to deficient ER and addiction in adults. Yet, the diversification of online video formats leads to new concerns and the need for extended research.

Methods

1083 adolescents (10-17 years) participated in a representative online study. The associations between PVS and ER difficulties, BW frequency, and video format preference were investigated cross-sectionally and prospectively after 10 months (n = 559) by applying logistic regression modeling. PVS classification was based on ICD-11 criteria for disorders due to addictive behaviors. The robustness of results was tested using multiple imputation.

Results

Frequent BW, a preference for short videos, difficulties engaging in goal-directed behavior and lack of emotional clarity were significantly associated to more adolescent PVS in the cross-sectional analysis. Strikingly, lack of emotional clarity prevailed as the only significant predictor for adolescent PVS in the longitudinal analysis, even after controlling for baseline PVS.

Conclusion

In line with other forms of PIU, studies on the etiology, prevention, and treatment of PVS should include frequent BW and lack of emotional clarity as crucial correlates. However, the preferred video format, especially short videos, should be considered when addressing adolescents affected by PVS. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to explore causal relationships and derive strategies that promote healthy video viewing habits.