Association Between Periodontitis and Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, and Dementia: An Umbrella Review With Evidence Stratification.

IF 1.4 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Special Care in Dentistry Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI:10.1111/scd.70235

A Rizwan Ali, Pravin Kumar, Arun Kumar Patnana, Sharmila Shanmugam, Ankita Chugh, Kirti Chaudhry

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim: The present umbrella review aims to assess the association between periodontitis and mild cognitive impairment(MCI), Alzheimer's disease and dementia.

Methods and results: MEDLINE(via PubMed), Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library was searched. Risk of Bias(ROB) was performed using Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) tool. Metaumbrella software was used for performing quantitative analysis, evidence stratification and GRADE analysis. 12 of the 14 included studies were judged to have a high ROB, while two systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) demonstrated a low ROB. Individuals with periodontitis had a 1.651 times higher risk of developing MCI (95% CI = 1.391 to 1.96; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001), a 1.525 times higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (95% CI = 1.149 to 2.023; I2 = 85.877%; P < 0.001), and a 1.535 times higher risk of dementia (95% CI = 1.119 to 2.107; I2 = 82.972%; P < 0.001), all supported by Class IV evidence. Furthermore, severe periodontitis was associated with a 2.138 times higher risk of MCI (95% CI = 1.59 to 2.875; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001), while moderate or severe periodontitis was associated with a 2.048 times higher risk of dementia (95% CI = 1.45 to 2.893; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001), supported by Class IV and Class III evidence, respectively. Despite these associations, the certainty of evidence for all outcomes was rated as very low according to the GRADE assessment.

Conclusion: A significant association was found between periodontitis and MCI, Alzheimer's disease and dementia with a "very low" evidence certainty.

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牙周炎与轻度认知障碍、阿尔茨海默病和痴呆之间的关系：证据分层的综合综述。

目的：本综述旨在评估牙周炎与轻度认知障碍（MCI）、阿尔茨海默病和痴呆之间的关系。方法与结果：检索MEDLINE（通过PubMed）、Scopus、EMBASE、谷歌Scholar和Cochrane Library。偏倚风险（ROB）采用系统评价偏倚风险（ROBIS）工具进行。采用Metaumbrella软件进行定量分析、证据分层和GRADE分析。纳入的14项研究中有12项被认为具有高ROB，而两项系统评价和荟萃分析（srma）显示具有低ROB。牙周炎患者患MCI的风险高出1.651倍（95% CI = 1.391 ~ 1.96; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001），患阿尔茨海默病的风险高出1.525倍（95% CI = 1.149 ~ 2.023; I2 = 85.877%; P < 0.001），患痴呆的风险高出1.535倍（95% CI = 1.119 ~ 2.107; I2 = 82.972%; P < 0.001），这些都得到了IV级证据的支持。此外，重度牙周炎与MCI的风险增加2.138倍相关（95% CI = 1.59 ~ 2.875; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001），而中度或重度牙周炎与痴呆的风险增加2.048倍相关（95% CI = 1.45 ~ 2.893; I2 = 0%; P < 0.001），分别得到IV级和III级证据的支持。尽管存在这些关联，但根据GRADE评估，所有结果的证据确定性被评为非常低。结论：牙周炎与轻度认知损伤、阿尔茨海默病和痴呆之间存在显著关联，但证据确定性“非常低”。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Special Care in Dentistry DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

14.30%

发文量

120

期刊介绍： Special Care in Dentistry is the official journal of the Special Care Dentistry Association, the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for Persons with Disabilities, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry. It is the only journal published in North America devoted to improving oral health in people with special needs.