[Analysis of dental caries characteristics and influencing factors based on structural equation modeling among primary and secondary school students in Hunan Province].

Abstract

Objectives: This study explores the differences in the characteristics and influencing factors of dental ca-ries in primary and secondary school students in Hunan Province, aiming to prevent and control dental caries.

Methods: The multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 265 985 primary and secondary school students across Hunan. Participants completed a nationally standardized questionnaire and underwent physical examinations. Statistical description was used to analyze caries characteristics, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze influencing factors.

Results: The caries prevalence rate of primary school students was 69.60%, and the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index was 3.05±3.30; for secondary school students, the figures were 54.30% and 1.73±2.31, respectively. Structural equation modeling revealed that caries risk in primary and secondary school students was influenced by demographic characteristics (β=0.384 and -0.025), school-based prevention and control (β=0.033 and -0.067), dietary behavior habits (β=0.043 and 0.032), and family size (β=0.024 and 0.009). In secondary school students, psychological factors were additionally associated with caries risk (β=0.024).

Conclusions: Dental caries prevalence and mean DMFT are high among primary and secondary students in Hunan, associated with demographic characteristics, school prevention policies, dietary and hygiene ha-bits, and household size. Targeted interventions addressing these factors are essential for preventing and controlling dental caries and promoting oral health among students.