Advanced MRI in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Translation of Imaging Biomarkers in the 2024 McDonald Criteria.

IF 17.6 1区医学 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Radiology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI:10.1148/radiol.252139

Nara M Michaelson, Sittaya Buathong, Constantina A Treaba, John D Mayfield, Aneri Bhatt, Caterina Mainero, Eric C Klawiter, Susie Y Huang

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Abstract

MRI continues to be the foundation of multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis and management. The latest innovations in technology have paved the way for earlier diagnosis, more informed treatment selection, better means of evaluating the disease course, and personalized therapeutic responses. This review summarizes the most recent developments in advanced MRI for MS, highlighting biomarkers that were newly added in the 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria, describing the ongoing importance of established imaging measures, reviewing the applications of artificial intelligence in clinical practice, and suggesting future directions. Special emphasis is placed on the official adoption of the optic nerve as a fifth site of dissemination in space, as well as on the central vein sign and paramagnetic rim lesions as key supporting evidence in MS. Additionally, ongoing limitations and challenges in integrating these markers into clinical practice across both academic and community settings are identified. The overall goal is to improve diagnosis and prognostication in MS through imaging approaches that have higher contrast resolution and are more quantitative and biologically informed.

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多发性硬化症的高级MRI: 2024年麦当劳标准中成像生物标志物的临床翻译。

MRI仍然是多发性硬化症（MS）诊断和治疗的基础。最新的技术创新为早期诊断、更明智的治疗选择、更好的疾病病程评估手段和个性化治疗反应铺平了道路。本文总结了MS高级MRI的最新进展，重点介绍了2024年McDonald标准修订版中新增的生物标志物，描述了已建立的成像措施的持续重要性，回顾了人工智能在临床实践中的应用，并提出了未来的发展方向。特别强调的是视神经作为空间传播的第五个部位的正式采用，以及中央静脉征象和顺磁边缘病变作为ms的关键支持证据。此外，在将这些标记整合到学术和社区设置的临床实践中，确定了持续的限制和挑战。总体目标是通过具有更高对比度分辨率、更定量和生物学信息的成像方法来改善MS的诊断和预后。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Radiology 医学-核医学

CiteScore

35.20

自引率

3.00%

发文量

596

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： Published regularly since 1923 by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), Radiology has long been recognized as the authoritative reference for the most current, clinically relevant and highest quality research in the field of radiology. Each month the journal publishes approximately 240 pages of peer-reviewed original research, authoritative reviews, well-balanced commentary on significant articles, and expert opinion on new techniques and technologies. Radiology publishes cutting edge and impactful imaging research articles in radiology and medical imaging in order to help improve human health.