[Analysis of micronutrients intake by the adult population of the Russian Federation].

Abstract

Vitamins and minerals are essential micronutrients involved in the regulation of many key physiological processes; however, the current dietary structure often leads to their insufficient intake. Inadequate micronutrient consumption is considered a significant risk factor for a wide range of diet-related diseases, which determines the importance of assessing and correcting micronutrient adequacy in the population. The objective of the research was to assess the actual intake of vitamins (А, β-carotene, С, В1, В2, РР) and minerals (sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium) in the adult population of the Russian Federation and to identify patterns of consumption by sex, age, type of settlement, and residence in the Arctic zone.

Material and methods: Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour dietary recall method. The analysis was based on primary data from the 2023 Survey of Dietary Intake conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation.

Results: Insufficient intake of several vitamins (A, β-carotene, C, B group) and minerals (calcium, magnesium, and iron in women), as well as a violation of the optimal calciumto- phosphorus diet ratio was identified in the adult population of the Russian Federation, including the Arctic zone. Differences by sex, age, and territory (urban/rural) were statistically significant for most indicators; however, in many cases the effect size was small.

Conclusion: The dietary pattern of the adult population is characterized by a populationlevel imbalance in micronutrient composition. The findings can be used in developing measures aimed at optimizing nutrition in the adult population.