Lactation Advocacy Through Continuous Help (LATCH): A Pilot Program to Improve Lactation Rates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Abstract

Background: Breast milk is a critical component of neonatal care, particularly for preterm infants, as it offers immunological and developmental benefits. Sustaining lactation during prolonged Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) stays remains a significant challenge for many mothers.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of the Lactation Advocacy Through Continuous Help (LATCH) pilot program, a medical student-led initiative to provide ongoing lactation support in the NICU.

Methods: This was a single-center quality improvement study conducted over a 2-year period (2023-2024). Medical Students, who were Certified Lactation Counselors (CLC), met with new mothers weekly to support their lactation journey. Outcomes were assessed through participant surveys and breast milk intake data. Data were analyzed with unadjusted chi-square tests and odds ratios using SPSS (version 30); adjustments for potential confounders were not performed.

Results: Of the 198 eligible mothers (241 infants), 127 mothers (158 infants) enrolled in the program. By Days 8-14 of life, a significantly higher proportion of infants whose mother participated in the program received ≥ 50% mother's own milk compared to non-participants (87% vs. 65%, p < .001). Additionally, these infants were more likely to be receiving breast milk at discharge. Survey feedback indicated high satisfaction, with participants emphasizing emotional support and accessibility as key benefits.

Conclusion: This program significantly increased the amount of breast milk infants received during Days 8-14 and showed a trend towards increased breastmilk at discharge. Integrating trained medical students into lactation support efforts not only enhances neonatal care by empowering mothers, it also provides valuable lactation education and clinical experience for medical students.