Dual-modal immunoassay for prostate cancer-derived exosomes enabled by a black phosphorus/silver SERS substrate and Yb/Er co-doped NaGdF4 UCL nanoprobes.
Yasheng Dai, Jie Yao, Shiyuan Wang, Changgan Lai, Jie Gong, Chenjie Gu, Tao Jiang, Kerong Wu
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Exosomes are regarded as cancer-associated biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis in clinical bioassays. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to develop an approach that can achieve ultra-sensitive and quantitative detection of exosomes. Herein, an innovative dual-mode immunoassay dependent on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and upconversion luminescence (UCL) was developed to detect prostate cancer-derived exosomes. A novel SERS-active immunosubstrate was constructed by combining black phosphorus (BP) with Ag nanoparticles, which exhibited an enhancement factor (EF) of about 3.69 × 109, due to the synergistic electromagnetic and chemical effects. Meanwhile, an immunoprobe with stable and visually distinguishable UCL was developed based on Yb/Er co-doped NaGdF4 nanoparticles with an intrinsic two-photon process. The specific capture of exosomes was achieved through antigen-antibody binding within the sandwich immunostructure, achieving limits of detection (LOD) as low as 93 and 172 particles/mL based on the dual-modal detection, respectively. Furthermore, the recognition of different derived exosomes was simply realized by visually observing the green fluorescence with different intensities, which paves the way for efficient preliminary identification of prostate cancer. Finally, the validation with clinical serum samples proved that the proposed approach holds significant promise for rapid cancer screening and diagnosis.
期刊介绍：
Talanta provides a forum for the publication of original research papers, short communications, and critical reviews in all branches of pure and applied analytical chemistry. Papers are evaluated based on established guidelines, including the fundamental nature of the study, scientific novelty, substantial improvement or advantage over existing technology or methods, and demonstrated analytical applicability. Original research papers on fundamental studies, and on novel sensor and instrumentation developments, are encouraged. Novel or improved applications in areas such as clinical and biological chemistry, environmental analysis, geochemistry, materials science and engineering, and analytical platforms for omics development are welcome.
Analytical performance of methods should be determined, including interference and matrix effects, and methods should be validated by comparison with a standard method, or analysis of a certified reference material. Simple spiking recoveries may not be sufficient. The developed method should especially comprise information on selectivity, sensitivity, detection limits, accuracy, and reliability. However, applying official validation or robustness studies to a routine method or technique does not necessarily constitute novelty. Proper statistical treatment of the data should be provided. Relevant literature should be cited, including related publications by the authors, and authors should discuss how their proposed methodology compares with previously reported methods.
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