Advances in stimuli-responsive hydrogels for liver disease therapy: mechanisms, applications, and translational perspectives.

IF 6.9 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Drug Delivery and Translational Research Pub Date : 2026-08-08 DOI:10.1007/s13346-026-02201-x

Yilin Kuang, Yuhang Li, Chang Xu, Jinyan Chen, Huigang Li, Chenghao Cao, Peiru Zhang, Zhu Li, Rongsen Wang, Jinxin Xu, Hantian Yin, Jianyong Zhuo, Xiao Xu, Di Lu

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Abstract

The liver is a pivotal organ for metabolic and immune homeostasis, playing an essential role in maintaining physiological balance. Globally, the increasing incidence and mortality of liver diseases constitute a critical public health issue. However, conventional therapies are often limited by their inability to precisely target the pathological microenvironment of the liver, frequently resulting in either insufficient efficacy or excessive tissue damage. With notable biocompatibility, a tunable porous architecture, and smart responsive capabilities, hydrogels hold considerable promise as drug carriers for treating liver diseases. This review evaluates the core design principles and therapeutic value of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in liver disease, compares hydrogel systems, details their responsive modes, and highlights recent progress in antitumor, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, and immunomodulatory therapy. Ultimately, the present review examines the key challenges and future directions for translating stimuli-responsive hydrogels into more precise, safe, and personalized therapies for liver diseases.

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刺激反应性水凝胶用于肝病治疗的进展：机制、应用和翻译观点。

肝脏是代谢和免疫平衡的关键器官，在维持生理平衡中起着至关重要的作用。在全球范围内，肝病发病率和死亡率的上升构成了一个严重的公共卫生问题。然而，传统疗法往往受到其无法精确靶向肝脏病理微环境的限制，经常导致疗效不足或过度的组织损伤。水凝胶具有显著的生物相容性，可调节的多孔结构和智能响应能力，作为治疗肝脏疾病的药物载体具有相当大的前景。本文综述了刺激反应性水凝胶在肝脏疾病中的核心设计原则和治疗价值，比较了水凝胶系统，详细介绍了它们的反应模式，并重点介绍了抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗纤维化和免疫调节治疗方面的最新进展。最后，本综述探讨了将刺激反应性水凝胶转化为更精确、安全和个性化的肝脏疾病治疗方法的关键挑战和未来方向。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Drug Delivery and Translational Research MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTALPHARMACOL-PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

1.90%

发文量

160

期刊介绍： The journal provides a unique forum for scientific publication of high-quality research that is exclusively focused on translational aspects of drug delivery. Rationally developed, effective delivery systems can potentially affect clinical outcome in different disease conditions. Research focused on the following areas of translational drug delivery research will be considered for publication in the journal. Designing and developing novel drug delivery systems, with a focus on their application to disease conditions; Preclinical and clinical data related to drug delivery systems; Drug distribution, pharmacokinetics, clearance, with drug delivery systems as compared to traditional dosing to demonstrate beneficial outcomes Short-term and long-term biocompatibility of drug delivery systems, host response; Biomaterials with growth factors for stem-cell differentiation in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering; Image-guided drug therapy, Nanomedicine; Devices for drug delivery and drug/device combination products. In addition to original full-length papers, communications, and reviews, the journal includes editorials, reports of future meetings, research highlights, and announcements pertaining to the activities of the Controlled Release Society.