Increasing Task Completion in Autistic Adults While Concurrently Reinforcing Functional Communication and Challenging Behavior

Abstract

Functional communication training (FCT) is a form of differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) commonly paired with extinction to treat challenging behavior. However, extinction procedures may not always be feasible or appropriate for adult clients. We replicated previous research by examining the use of concurrent schedules of DRA without extinction for challenging behavior, functional communication responses, and task completion with two adults with autism. After evaluating the efficacy of FCT, we used asymmetrical-reinforcement conditions (e.g., reinforcer-quality manipulations) to encourage response allocation toward cooperation with tasks rather than requesting breaks or engaging in challenging behavior. We then extended previous research by demonstrating that asymmetrical treatment effects remained durable despite thinning the schedule of reinforcement. We discuss limitations and directions for future research regarding non-extinction-based treatments for adults.