A Culturally Informed Study of Resilience to Self-Harm Among Young Adults in Canada and India

Abstract

Self-harm is a serious public health concern predominantly affecting adolescents and young adults of all genders around the world. While the detrimental effects of self-harm on health and well-being are well documented, less is known about the protective factors and processes that support individuals’ resilience and recovery. This phenomenological inquiry shifts the focus from a pathologizing discourse to a strength’s framework by studying the lived experiences of resilience to self-harm. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data in two countries: Canada and India. Thirteen young adults (seven Canadian, five Indian and one Indo-Canadian) in the age range of 18–26 shared their experiences. Interviews were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006, 2023) guidelines for thematic analysis. Findings present a nuanced understanding of the psychological, social, and cultural aspects of developing resilience to self-harm through three interconnected and non-linear processes: sensing, connecting, and responding. Results suggest cultural heterogeneity in patterns of self-harm and processes of recovery, such as the role of stigma, misconceptions and attitudes towards self-harm that are crucial in building resilience in different cultures. By identifying general as well as context- and culture-specific resources, implications address improving services for young adults who have experiences with self-harm, to foster their long-term health and well-being.