Objecting and quiescing, Aptly

Noûs Pub Date : 2026-08-05 DOI:10.1111/nous.70061
Rory Aird
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Abstract

Objecting to asserted falsehood is an everyday practice. Despite its apparent ubiquity however, there remains a distinct dearth of discussion of objecting in the epistemology literature, with the small amount of extant scholarship focusing primarily on the prescriptive—that is, epistemic duties to object. The spotlight being placed so has elided a key area of research which seems to precede any prescriptive discussion; namely, evaluative norms about what makes for a good objection. After all, knowledge that one ought to object lacks utility if one does not also know how to well discharge such a duty. Thus, in this paper, I build a complete picture of the evaluative normativity of objecting based on a Sosan performance‐normative framework, neatly answering the question of what is an epistemically good objection—it is an apt one. The view is then extended to explain a novel area: the evaluative normativity of forbearance from objecting, what I call quiescing.
反对和沉默,恰如其分
反对断言的谬误是一种日常做法。然而,尽管它明显无处不在,但在认识论文献中仍然明显缺乏对客体的讨论,现存的少量学术研究主要集中在规定性上,即对客体的认识论义务。人们如此关注,却忽略了一个关键的研究领域,而这个领域似乎先于任何说明性的讨论;也就是说,关于什么是好的反对意见的评价性规范。毕竟,如果一个人不知道如何很好地履行这样的职责,那么他应该反对的知识就缺乏效用。因此,在本文中,我基于Sosan行为规范框架构建了客体的评价规范性的完整图景,巧妙地回答了什么是认知上好的客体的问题——这是一个恰当的问题。然后,这个观点被扩展到解释一个新的领域:从反对中忍耐的评估规范性,我称之为沉默。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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