Differential Expression of Sox2 in Human Ocular Surface and Its Implication in Pterygium Pathogenesis.

Sage open pathology Pub Date : 2026-08-05 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI:10.1177/30502098261477393

Hasan Mahmud Reza, Hajime Ogino, Chio Oka, Yasumasa Bessho, Kunio Yasuda

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Abstract

Introduction: The precise etiology and molecular mechanisms underlying pterygium pathogenesis remain poorly understood, and the expression pattern of pluripotency-associated transcription factor SOX2 in human ocular surface has not been fully characterized. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the expression profile of SOX2 and its potential role in pterygium formation.

Methods: We thoroughly investigated the expression of SOX2 in the cornea, limbus, healthy conjunctiva and pteyrigium by immunohistochemistry, immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR.

Results: We found that SOX2 is aberrantly expressed in different cellular layers of cornea, limbus and conjunctiva in human ocular surface tissues. Comparative analysis further revealed a sustained elevated SOX2 expression in the pterygium tissues compared with healthy conjunctiva. This increased SOX2 expression was accompanied by upregulation of Ki67 but not CK15.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that SOX2 is expressed at varying levels in human ocular surface tissues. Also, we report, for the first time, that SOX2 may play a regulatory role in the development of pterygium by promoting cellular proliferation during the abnormal extension of conjunctival tissue onto the corneal surface.

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人眼表Sox2的差异表达及其在翼状胬肉发病中的意义。

导读：翼状胬肉发病的确切病因和分子机制尚不清楚，多能性相关转录因子SOX2在人眼表的表达模式尚未完全确定。因此，我们旨在研究SOX2的表达谱及其在翼状胬肉形成中的潜在作用。方法：采用免疫组织化学、免疫细胞化学和RT-PCR等方法对SOX2在角膜、角膜缘、健康结膜和翼状胬物中的表达进行了深入研究。结果：我们发现SOX2在人眼表组织角膜、角膜缘和结膜的不同细胞层中均有异常表达。对比分析进一步显示，与健康结膜相比，SOX2在翼状胬肉组织中的表达持续升高。SOX2表达的增加伴随着Ki67而非CK15的上调。结论：我们的研究结果表明SOX2在人眼表组织中有不同水平的表达。此外，我们首次报道了SOX2可能通过在结膜组织向角膜表面的异常延伸过程中促进细胞增殖，在翼状胬肉的发展中发挥调节作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Sage open pathology

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