Preparations, Modifications, Properties, and Environmental Applications of Animal Manure-Derived Biochar: A Review

ACS Sustainable Resource Management Pub Date : 2026-07-23 Epub Date: 2026-07-08 DOI:10.1021/acssusresmgt.6c00033

Ebuka Chizitere Emenike, Harvis Bamidele Saka, Joy Adetooke Adeleke, Victor Aderibigbe, Joy Chinaza Olatunbosun, Kingsley O. Iwuozor, Marcellinus Ogudo, Adewale George Adeniyi

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Abstract

\Animal manure-derived biochar (AMDB) has emerged as a promising material for waste valorization and environmental applications, yet it remains less explored than plant-based biochar. This review thoroughly examines the preparation, modification, physicochemical properties, and environmental applications of AMDB. Important processing steps, including pretreatment, pyrolysis conditions, and post-treatment modifications, are evaluated for their influence on biochar characteristics and performance. AMDB has more ash and nutrient concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), higher alkalinity, and greater number of surface functional groups than lignocellulosic biochars. These unique physicochemical attributes enhance its performance in soil amendment, heavy metal immobilization, wastewater treatment, carbon sequestration, catalysis, and composting. Furthermore, this review highlights important research gaps and discusses the environmental concerns related to heavy metal leaching from manure feedstocks and residual pathogens. It is surmised that AMDB represents a sustainable pathway for turning animal waste into a high-value product that supports global sustainability goals.

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动物粪便生物炭的制备、改性、性能及环境应用综述

动物粪便衍生生物炭（AMDB）已成为废物增值和环境应用的一种有前景的材料，但与植物性生物炭相比，对其的探索仍较少。本文综述了AMDB的制备、改性、理化性质及其在环境中的应用。重要的处理步骤，包括预处理、热解条件和后处理修饰，评估了它们对生物炭特性和性能的影响。与木质纤维素生物炭相比，AMDB具有更高的灰分和营养物质浓度（N、P、K、Ca和Mg）、更高的碱度和更多的表面官能团。这些独特的理化性质增强了其在土壤改良剂、重金属固定化、废水处理、固碳、催化和堆肥等方面的性能。此外，本文还强调了重要的研究空白，并讨论了与肥料原料重金属浸出和残留病原体有关的环境问题。据推测，AMDB代表了一条将动物粪便转化为高价值产品的可持续途径，从而支持全球可持续发展目标。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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ACS Sustainable Resource Management

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