Automatic Calibration of Frequency Response for AC Attenuators in Precision Voltage Measurements

IF 1.4 3区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications Pub Date : 2026-08-03 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI:10.1002/cta.70290

Hongjun Hu, Haixia Song, Qiang Luo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Conventional RC divider–based attenuators in precision AC voltage measurement are highly susceptible to parasitic parameters. This issue causes fluctuating attenuation ratios at high frequencies and degrades signal transmission accuracy. To address this, a novel calibration method is proposed to stabilize frequency response through capacitive compensation and feedback adjustment. A calibration model is first established by mapping the time- and frequency-domain responses, explicitly accounting for real-life parasitic effects. Guided by this model, an automatic frequency compensation system and a corresponding timing diagram are designed. The method is validated through simulation and experiment using a 100:1 AC attenuator for covering 300 V RMS measurement. Results demonstrate markedly improved performance: The low-voltage (LV) attenuation achieves a response flatness of 0.43% in the 10 Hz to 100 kHz band and 0.59% in the 10 Hz to 1 MHz band, whereas the high-voltage (HV) attenuation shows 0.68% flatness in the 10 Hz to 100 kHz frequency band. Additionally, the design exhibits excellent linearity better than 41 ppm and minimal temperature drift.

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精密电压测量中交流衰减器频率响应的自动校准

在精密交流电压测量中，传统的RC分压器衰减器极易受到寄生参数的影响。这个问题导致高频衰减比波动，降低信号传输精度。为了解决这一问题，提出了一种通过电容补偿和反馈调节来稳定频率响应的校准方法。首先通过映射时域和频域响应建立了校准模型，明确地考虑了现实生活中的寄生效应。在此模型的指导下，设计了频率自动补偿系统和相应的时序图。采用100:1交流衰减器覆盖300 V有效值测量，通过仿真和实验验证了该方法。结果表明，低频（LV）衰减在10 Hz至100 kHz频段的响应平坦度为0.43%，在10 Hz至1 MHz频段的响应平坦度为0.59%，而高压（HV）衰减在10 Hz至100 kHz频段的响应平坦度为0.68%。此外，该设计具有良好的线性度，优于41 ppm和最小的温度漂移。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

34.80%

发文量

277

审稿时长

4.5 months

期刊介绍： The scope of the Journal comprises all aspects of the theory and design of analog and digital circuits together with the application of the ideas and techniques of circuit theory in other fields of science and engineering. Examples of the areas covered include: Fundamental Circuit Theory together with its mathematical and computational aspects; Circuit modeling of devices; Synthesis and design of filters and active circuits; Neural networks; Nonlinear and chaotic circuits; Signal processing and VLSI; Distributed, switched and digital circuits; Power electronics; Solid state devices. Contributions to CAD and simulation are welcome.