Parenting in prison: Parent-child contact and parental well-being

Abstract

Almost half of all those housed in state prisons are parents to a minor child. While many studies examine the parent-child relationship and its impact on reentry outcomes, few investigate its association with the prison experience. Regression analyses explored the relationship between general contact (no/yes), contact versatility (i.e., diversity), and contact type (in-person, phone, mail, email) with mental health and behavioral outcomes associated with the well-being of incarcerated parents. Findings emphasize how parent-child contact can protect against the stress of incarceration. The relationship between in-person contact and well-being combined with the efficiency of email communication suggests that correctional policies must transition from models that merely allow contact toward those that facilitate meaningful engagement. Reducing barriers and expanding digital communication is essential for institutions to create environments that foster positive interactions. As the United States continues to address high rates of incarceration, recognizing the importance of contact between parents and their children is necessary to improve the carceral experience.